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※ 本文為 dinos 轉寄自 ptt.cc 更新時間: 2022-04-29 05:35:27
看板 Warfare
作者 carsen (carsen)
標題 [閒聊] 1890-1900年代的砲彈定時引信
時間 Thu Apr 28 18:30:02 2022


19世紀中期,砲彈的定時引信是一根裹著火藥的錐形紙捲,上面有以秒計時的刻度,
依據需要的延遲時間來切斷紙捲,再放入砲彈前端的空心管,發射時會被自動點燃。
由於火藥紙捲的製作品質不一,因此不是很精確。後來研發出轉盤引信,依據需要

的延遲時間來旋轉刻度環以設定時間,這樣的方式較為精確。

定時引信能依據火砲發射砲彈的飛行時間與彈道,讓砲彈在目標上方若干高度爆炸,
並讓彈丸覆蓋下方若干半徑範圍,殺傷目標區域的人員與馬匹。砲擊時用多處火砲
各自調整發射仰角與引信長度,以覆蓋較大的縱深範圍(200碼,大約183公尺),

讓敵軍前線與預備隊都被擊中(Handbook for Light Artillery (1896),386-387)。


[圖]1890年代3.2吋野戰砲的定時引信The Frankford Arsenal Combination Fuze,
   可以設定15秒鐘,每秒鐘可以再設定為6分之幾秒。
https://i.imgur.com/B8yFf5L.png
[圖]
出處: Handbook for Light Artillery (1896),96-102。
https://archive.org/details/handbookforligh00dyergoog/page/96/
Handbook for light artillery : Dyer, A. B. (Alexander Brydie), 1852-1920 : Free Download, Borrow, and Streaming : Internet Archive
[圖]
Book digitized by Google from the library of Harvard University and uploaded to the Internet Archive by user tpb. ...

 


[圖]3.2吋野戰砲的射表。
https://i.imgur.com/QAQGmHf.png
[圖]
出處: Handbook for Light Artillery (1896),104-105。
https://archive.org/details/handbookforligh00dyergoog/page/104/
Handbook for light artillery : Dyer, A. B. (Alexander Brydie), 1852-1920 : Free Download, Borrow, and Streaming : Internet Archive
[圖]
Book digitized by Google from the library of Harvard University and uploaded to the Internet Archive by user tpb. ...

 


[圖]第一次世界大戰之前英軍的No. 56 Mark IV定時引信。
https://i.imgur.com/ZIReV8R.jpg
[圖]
出處:Treatise on Ammunition (1902),172。澳大利亞戰爭紀念館,REL/03360。
   The Great War (1914-1918) Forum。
https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=mdp.39015024237045&seq=209
https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/C223921
https://www.greatwarforum.org/topic/266588-15pdr-fuze-identification/
15pdr. Fuze Identification. - Arms and other weapons - The Great War (1914-1918) Forum
[圖]
Hi, I purchased this 15pdr shrapnel shell dated (19)10? I've looked online to identify the fuze. It appears to be a No.65A, but unlike others I've fou ...

 



參考資料

Passion & Compassion 1914-1918
http://www.passioncompassion1418.com/english_plateforme.html
Passion and Compassion 1914-1918 : A rich bibliography and a wide technical documentation to help you better decode your visits to the former World War One battlefields Commented collection of books of witnesses, history, guides, novels, of quotations, photographs and militaria for the 1914-1918 period. This website h ...

 
第一次世界大戰各國的火砲、砲彈與引信。

Modern guns and mortars adopted in the United States land service (1895)
https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=pst.000007050725&seq=245
美國陸軍火砲,包含火砲與機關槍的結構、運輸馬匹與車輛、測量儀器、圖表等等,
由美國軍方出版。

Handbook for Light Artillery (1896)
https://archive.org/details/handbookforligh00dyergoog/
Handbook for light artillery : Dyer, A. B. (Alexander Brydie), 1852-1920 : Free Download, Borrow, and Streaming : Internet Archive
[圖]
Book digitized by Google from the library of Harvard University and uploaded to the Internet Archive by user tpb. ...

 
Alexander Brydie Dyer撰寫的輕型火砲手冊,包含火砲的結構、運輸馬匹與車輛、
測量儀器、圖表等等。作者的父親也是砲兵出身的美國軍械將領。

Treatise on Ammunition (1902)
https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=mdp.39015024237045&seq=209
英國火砲的列表與插圖,由英國陸軍部出版。

To the Warrior His Arms
https://rnzaoc.com/2018/08/04/ordnance-bibliography/
Bibliography and Reference Sources | "To the Warrior His Arms"
[圖]
Australia Ordnance History To the Warrior his Arms: a history of the ordnance services in the Australian Army. John D. Tilbrook, Canberra: Royal Austr ...

 
列出大量19世紀中期到20世紀中期的英軍訓練手冊與技術刊物。

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※ 文章網址: https://www.ptt.cc/bbs/Warfare/M.1651141804.A.C10.html
※ 編輯: carsen (114.44.62.21 臺灣), 04/28/2022 20:32:23
roseritter: 推1F 04/28 20:59
PAULDAVID: 好文推 後來又出現延遲碰炸引信2F 04/28 23:54
ja23072008: 推3F 04/29 00:03

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