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備註請放最後面 違者新聞文章刪除

1.媒體來源:

外媒        phys.org

2.記者署名:

by Louise Gentle, The Conversation

3.完整新聞標題:

性愛倒錯！無與倫比的蟲蟲性生活獨家公開

The fascinating sex lives of insects

4.完整新聞內文:

The fascinating sex lives of insects
by Louise Gentle, The Conversation

Some insects have detachable penises, others produce sperm that is 20 times
the size of their own body. Others have evolved with special equipment to
help them tear rivals off potential mates. Insects can be creepy, promiscuous
or murderous—but they are rarely dull.



The stag beetle male—Europe's largest beetle has huge jaws known as antlers
designed for prising mating pairs apart. This behavior is seen in numerous
beetles, with horns of various shapes horns that have evolved to lever males
off females. The Japanese rhinocerous beetle has a horn resembling a fork.
Antlers are also used in battle to wrestle other males over access to females.



In many of these species, smaller males don't stand a chance of winning a
fight, so instead have evolved sneaky mating tactics. They wait for males to
fight, then slink in and copulate with the female while the males are
distracted. Small male dung beetles slip past large males that guard
entrances to tunnels containing females, and dig secret passages to find the
underground females while the larger males' backs are turned.



Sperm competition

In addition to the physical contests between males, competition to fertilize
an egg also happens between sperm. In the animal kingdom, females are rarely
faithful to their mates, so there is probably sperm from a number of males
inside a female reproductive tract. Males have evolved several ways to
counter this, such as producing large sperm. Fruit fly sperm, is almost 6cm
long when uncoiled, around 20 times the size of the fly.

精子競賽



But, perhaps the most extraordinary method to win the sperm competition is
seen in the odonata (dragonflies and damselflies) who have evolved ornate
penises. These come complete with hooks and whips, to dislodge the sperm of
rival males and pack the male's own sperm into the far corners of the female
reproductive tract, away from other male penises.



And it's not just the males that have elaborate penises. The female cave
insects of Brazil compete for access to males. The insects have sex-reversed
genitalia, where the males have an opening and the females have a spiky
erectile organ. The female uses her "penis" to suck sperm out of the male,
and she can even decide which of two chambers in her body to store the sperm
in. It is thought that this behavior evolved as an adaptation to a limited
food supply as the females gain energy from feasting on the seminal fluid
acquired during copulation, which can last up to 70 hours.



Butterflies only live for a few weeks, so if males are going to father any
offspring, they can't hang around. Except, some do. Many butterflies are
sexually mature as soon as they emerge from their chrysalis. So, in some
species the males emerge a few days before the females, then sit and wait,
copulating with the females as soon as possible.



More disturbing behavior is seen in the bed bug. Males simply pierce a
female's abdomen then inject sperm through the wound into her abdominal
cavity. As insects have an open circulatory system without arteries and
veins, the sperm can easily migrate from the abdominal cavity to the ovaries
for fertilization.



Sexual cannibalism

Probably the most famous of the insect sexual behavior is that of the praying
mantis, where the female bites the head off her partner during or after sex,
gaining nutrients for herself and her offspring. This behavior increases the
number of eggs that males fertilize. Recently, scientists found that males
also attack females. They don't eat the females although they sometimes
seriously injure them. Males that won fights with females were more likely to
go on to mate rather than just get eaten.

性同類相食



Chastity belts

Many male insects only get to mate once, even when they aren't eaten by their
partners. For example, male bees ejaculate with such explosive force that it
is loud enough for humans to hear. This ensures the sperm is passed to the
female, but it results in paralysis of the male, which kills him. So, males
need to make the most of their exploits.

貞操帶



One way of preventing other males from mating with a female is to produce a
copulatory plug—something that will prevent a different male from inserting
his sperm inside a female to fertilize her eggs. The European dwarf spider
produces a plug by secreting a liquid during copulation that hardens over
time. Researchers have found that longer copulations result in larger plugs
which are more difficult for other males to remove.



In order to ensure that nobody else mates with his female once he is dead,
the male orb-web spider has evolved an extreme copulatory plug. He has a
detachable penis that remains inside the female once copulation is over.
Although it is common for the tip of a spider's penis to break off inside a
female, preventing other males from entering, the orb-web spider's detachable
penis has an additional function as it continues to transfer sperm on its own
—for over 20 minutes—increasing mating success.

So you see, insects are, in fact, amazing.



所以你看，昆蟲其實是令人驚奇的。

5.完整新聞連結 (或短網址)不可用YAHOO、LINE、MSN等轉載媒體:

https://phys.org/news/2024-06-fascinating-sex-insects.html

6.備註:

也難怪蟬這個選擇偶爾會出現投胎潮了

https://imgur.com/51vOq1g.jpg

https://imgur.com/riILRv8.jpg

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lxMeinG6uLU

甲蟲知識客座講師：【桃鈴ねね】

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gX2PXAc8qBc


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※ 發信站: 批踢踢實業坊(ptt.cc), 來自: 1.34.17.2 (臺灣)
※ 作者: STAV72 2024-06-26 12:36:12
※ 文章代碼(AID): #1cUvh1lu (Gossiping)
※ 文章網址: https://www.ptt.cc/bbs/Gossiping/M.1719376577.A.BF8.html