看板 ott
作者 ott (寶貝)
標題 Human-to-human transmission already achieved?
時間 2013年04月28日 Sun. PM 12:12:34


       
     
   
 



Learn more: http://www.naturalnews.com/040059_H7N9_bird_flu_China.html


Human-to-human transmission already achieved?

As Yahoo News reports, WHO's China representative Michael O'Leary has released figures showing that half the people infected with H7N9 had no contact with poultry.

If true, this would be strong evidence that H7N9 has already achieved "human-to-human transmission," turning it into a "nightmare influenza" that might already be spreading across the population. That status is not proven yet, however, and more observation is needed before such a conclusion could be substantiated.

"If H7N9 were to stably adapt to humans, it would probably meet with little or no human immunity," writes Peter Horby from Nature.com. "Detecting and tracking a partially human-adapted H7N9 virus in a city as vast as Shanghai or Beijing would be difficult; tracking a fully adapted virus would be impossible. And it could easily spread nationally and internationally. Eastern China is now one of the most 'connected' population centers in the world. Seventy per cent of the global population outside China lives within two hours of an airport linked to the outbreak regions by a direct flight or a single connection (see go.nature.com/tvfev8). Travel restrictions or border screening will not contain pandemic influenza for long."















 
 



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發佈時間:2013-04-13
內容轉載自《中時影音》:http://video.chinatimes.com/video-cat...

中視新聞》H7N9禽流感在大陸擴散,現在連河南都失守,出現兩名確診病例,上海則出­現第一起家庭群聚感染,一名男子13日確診H7N9,而他的妻子上個禮拜因罹患H7N­9而死亡,不過上海疾控中心表示還不能歸類是人傳人,目前大陸累計51例H7N9確診­個案,已經造成11人死亡。
類別
新聞與政治










	
http://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/甲型流感病毒H1N1亞型

A型流感病毒H1N1亞型(Influenza A virus subtype H1N1),是[url=/wiki/%E7%94%B2%E5%9E%8B%E6%B5%81%E6%84%9F%E7%97%85%E6%AF%92]甲型流感病毒[/url]的一種,也是人類最常感染的流感病毒之一。

 

所謂「H1N1」是病毒名稱的[url=/wiki/%E7%B8%AE%E5%AF%AB]縮寫[/url],其「H」指的是[url=/wiki/%E8%A1%80%E7%90%83%E5%87%9D%E9%9B%86%E7%B4%A0]血球凝集素[/url](Hemagglutinin)、而「N」指的是[url=/wiki/%E7%A5%9E%E7%B6%93%E6%B0%A8%E9%85%B8%E9%85%B6]神經氨酸酶[/url](Neuraminidase),兩種都是[url=/wiki/%E7%97%85%E6%AF%92]病毒[/url]上的[url=/wiki/%E6%8A%97%E5%8E%9F]抗原[/url]名稱。其意思是:具有「血球凝集素(Hemagglutinin)第1型、神經氨酸酶(Neuraminidase)第1型」的病毒,因此,根據其結構類推,則也有「[url=/wiki/H2N2]H2N2[/url]」、「[url=/wiki/H5N1]H5N1[/url]」等的[url=/wiki/%E6%B5%81%E6%84%9F%E7%97%85%E6%AF%92]流感病毒[/url]。血球凝集素共有1~15型,神經氨酸酶共有1~9型。

 

一些H1N1的種類可以在人類間傳播,包括1918年的[url=/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E7%8F%AD%E7%89%99%E5%9E%8B%E6%B5%81%E8%A1%8C%E6%80%A7%E6%84%9F%E5%86%92]流感大爆發[/url],另一些可在雀鳥和豬隻間傳播。

 

這種病毒的遺傳組成存在爭議。根據它的[url=/w/index.php?title=%E8%A1%80%E5%87%9D%E7%B4%A0%E8%9B%8B%E7%99%BD&action=edit&redlink=1]血凝素蛋白[/url]和[url=/wiki/%E7%A5%9E%E7%BB%8F%E6%B0%A8%E9%85%B8%E9%85%B6]神經氨酸酶[/url]的類型,科學家同意這是一種H1N1病毒。它是由人、豬和禽流感的遺傳物質組成,而世界衛生組織認為它主要是由豬流感的基因組成的[1]

 

H1N1新型流感原是一種於豬隻中感染的疾病[url=/wiki/Wikipedia:%E5%88%97%E6%98%8E%E6%9D%A5%E6%BA%90][來源請求][/url],屬於甲型流感病毒。美國疾管局資料顯示,美國以前即曾有人類感染豬流感之個案。目前墨西哥與美國爆發的豬流感疫情,即為H1N1病毒所引起,但目前對此種結合豬流感、人類流感的新病毒的[url=/wiki/%E6%B5%81%E8%A1%8C%E7%97%85%E5%AD%A6]流行病學[/url]了解很少[1]


2009 H1N1 influenza virus genetic-num.svg
 
 
 
HA 
[url=/wiki/%E8%A1%80%E7%90%83%E5%87%9D%E9%9B%86%E7%B4%A0]血球凝集素[/url] 
豬(H1) 
北美 
 
 
NA 
[url=/wiki/%E7%A5%9E%E7%B6%93%E6%B0%A8%E9%85%B8%E9%85%B6]神經氨酸酶[/url] 
豬(N1) 
歐洲 
 
 
PA 
聚合酶次單元 A 
禽 
北美 
 
 
PB1 
聚合酶次單元 B1 [67] 
人類 
1993 H3N2 株 
 
 
PB2 
聚合酶次單元 B2 
禽 
北美 
 
 
NP 
[url=/wiki/%E6%A0%B8%E8%9B%8B%E7%99%BD]核蛋白[/url](Nucleoprotein) 
豬 
北美 
 
 

[url=/wiki/%E5%9F%BA%E8%B3%AA%E8%9B%8B%E7%99%BD]基質蛋白[/url](Matrix protein) [url=/w/index.php?title=M1%E8%9B%8B%E7%99%BD&action=edit&redlink=1]M1[/url],[url=/w/index.php?title=M2%E8%9B%8B%E7%99%BD&action=edit&redlink=1]M2[/url] 
豬 
歐亞 
 
 
NS 
非結構蛋白 [url=/w/index.php?title=NS1%E6%B5%81%E6%84%9F%E8%9B%8B%E7%99%BD&action=edit&redlink=1]NS1[/url],NEP 
豬 
北美 
 
 
資料來源:La fiche d'identité d'un virus inédit,[url=/wiki/%E6%B3%95%E5%9B%BD]法國[/url]《[url=/wiki/%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C%E6%8A%A5_(%E6%B3%95%E5%9B%BD)]世界報[/url]》.

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H1N1-influenza as Lazarus: Genomic resurrection from the tomb of an unknown

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Figure 1
Diagram of an influenza-virus particle. The surface of each influenza virion consists of a lipid envelope in which two major viral surface antigens, the hemagglutinin (HA) and the neuraminidase (NA), are found. Within the particle are the eight negative-sense viral RNA segments encoding the viral proteins. The smallest viral segment, the NS segment, encodes two proteins: the NS1, an antagonist of the cellular type I interferon system, and the nuclear export protein (NEP), which functions in viral assembly.








 
 

※ 編輯: ott 時間: 2013-04-28 12:20:37
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