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http://www.nijotech.com/index.php/nijotech/article/viewFile/561/513
DETERMINATION OF BIO-ENERGY POTENTIAL OF PALM KERNEL SHELL BY PHYSICOCHEMICAL CHARACTERIZATION
#生質能潛力 #澳洲 #品種 #種植面積與PKS產量比 #電子顯微鏡影像

http://martinslibrary.blogspot.tw/2015/08/crude-palm-oil-palm-kernel-nut-palm.html
CRUDE PALM OIL, PALM KERNEL NUT, PALM KERNEL CAKE, PALM KERNEL SHELL BUSINESS IN NIGERIA | MARTINS LIBRARY

http://www.chemikinternational.com/y...s-used-in-the-energy-industry/
Agricultural biomass. Evaluation of physicochemical properties of Palm Kernel Shell as agro biomass used in the energy industry
 Institute for Chemical Processing of Coal (IChPW), Zabrze, Poland
#非洲奈及利亞PKS照片

https://cdm.unfccc.int/Projects/DB/D...6MHGPZIM56I19DT6NGL30G9OGNTIOK
Palm Kernel Shell (PKS) is More Than Biomass for Alternative Fuel After 2005.
#馬來西亞 #火力發電廠

http://asia.nikkei.com/Business/Comp...m-kernel-shells-from-Indonesia
February 21, 2015 1:00 pm JST
[Renewable energy]
Renewable energy: Japan's Shodensya to import palm kernel shells from Indonesia- Nikkei Asian Review
#日本 #火力發電廠 #生物質燃料 #Biomass #feed-in tariff (FIT)  #PKS #棕櫚仁殼

http://www.n-e-d.net/english/pks.html
New Energy Development Co. Ltd. - 新エネルギー開発株式会社

> https://disp.cc/b/261-92JI
> https://disp.cc/b/261-97Xp
> https://disp.cc/b/261-9mDx
http://www.bioenergyconsult.com/palm-kernel-shells-as-biomass-resource/
Palm Kernel Shells as Biomass Resource


#馬來西亞、印尼、泰國 #水分Moisture content #黑碳粒子 Black Carbon

http://www.bioenergyconsult.com/trends-palm-kernel-shells/
Trends in Utilization of Palm Kernel Shells

Palm kernel shells have a high dry matter content (>80% dry matter).
#乾重量 #低灰質 #低灰分 #少鉀少氯 #結塊 agglomeration

http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1876610214002215
Gama Stove: Biomass Stove for Palm Kernel Shells in Indonesia
#暖爐 #棕櫚油副產物 #印尼

http://www.bioenergyconsult.com/bioenergy-southeast-asia/
Bioenergy Perspectives for Southeast Asia
#東南亞生質能源

http://www.academicjournals.org/journal/JCEMS/article-full-text-pdf/D07831944426
Characterization of palm kernel shell for materials reinforcement and water treatment
#棕櫚仁殼 #水處理 #建材 #補強材 #活性碳 #電子顯微鏡影像

Poo power – Five projects that turn sewage into fuel | BioEnergy Consult Blog
#糞土 #生質氣體 #生物氣體 #生物沼氣 #Biogas #下水淤泥

https://biomassourlastresource.files...final-pdf-bambang-prastowo.pdf
Biomass Resource in Indonesia: Indonesia s Solid Biomass Energy Potential

http://www.palmoil-conference.com/up... Synergy Sdn Bhd, Malaysia.pdf
[PDF] integrated recovery and regeneration system - Asia Palm Oil

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sectional_cooler
Sectional collder 冷卻
 https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Rotary_Cooler.jpg

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> > https://disp.cc/b/261-95r5 #定義
> https://disp.cc/b/261-9qqR

http://www.rsc.org/images/PaulWilliams_tcm18-216275.pdf
[PDF] Fuels, chemicals and materials from waste - Royal Society of Chemistry
#名詞解釋 #不是學術名詞？

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https://rma.org/sites/default/files/...ted_Alternate_Technologies.pdf
SCRAP TIRES: A RESOURCE AND TECHNOLOGY EVALUATION OF TIRE PYROLYSIS AND OTHER SELECTED ALTERNATE TECHNOLOGIES  (1983)

http://ethesis.nitrkl.ac.in/5315/1/109ME0425.pdf
Recycling of Waste Tyres: A Possible Option for Deriving Energy


http://www.impactjournals.us/download.php?fname=2-77-1373879199-10. Eng-Recovery-Suhanya M.pdf
RECOVERY OF OIL FROM WASTE TYRES USING PYROLYSIS METHOD: A REVIEW

http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0196890414001502
https://www.researchgate.net/publica...leased_in_waste_tire_pyrolysis
Thermodynamic analysis for syngas production from volatiles released in waste tire pyrolysis
#各種系統燃燒效率

Waste tyre pyrolysis – A review (PDF Download Available)

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輪胎生成氣體硫含量

https://www.researchgate.net/publication/232396559_Pyrolysis_of_scrap_tyres
Rodriguez I M, Laresgoiti M F. Pyrolysis of scrap tyres. Fuel Processing Technology.2001; 72: 2-9.

http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0016236105001316
Ucar S, Karagoz S, Ozkan A R, Yanik J. Evaluation of two different scarp tires as hydrocarbon source by pyrolysis. Fuel.2005; 84: 1884-1892.

http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S016523709900073X
https://www.researchgate.net/publica...ses_obtained_in_tyre_pyrolysis
Laresgoiti M F, Macro I, Torres A, Caballero B, Cabrero M A, Chomon M J. Chromatographic analysis of the gases obtained in tyre pyrolysis. Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis.2000; 55: 43-54.

http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0378382002001091
https://www.researchgate.net/publica..._and_yields_of_gaseous_product
The product distribution ratio of gas, tar and char is about 21:44:35 at 800 ° C
#產物比重

http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/ef049686x
https://www.researchgate.net/publica...ands_of_Scrap_Automotive_Tires
Kyari M, Cunliffe A, Williams P T. Characterization of oils, gases, and char in relation to the pyrolysis of different brands of scrap automotive tires. Energy & Fuels.2005; 19: 1165-1173

http://file.scirp.org/pdf/EPE_2013101613114618.pdf
A Comparison of the Use of Pyrolysis Oils in Diesel Engine
#輪胎裂解油 #柴油引擎

裂解油資料規格
https://www.researchgate.net/publica...lysis_of_TDF_Tire_Derived_Fuel
Characterization of pyrolytic oil obtained from pyrolysis of TDF (Tire Derived Fuel) (PDF Download Available)

http://divyaint.com/product-sadf/Pyrolysis-Oil-Specification.aspx
Pyrolysis Oil Specification
輪胎裂解油 #規格

http://kchbi.chtf.stuba.sk/ODAOld/doc/P1-Training Report-Gulzad.pdf
Recycling and pyrolysis of scrap tire  [斯洛伐克]


#輪胎裂解 #結晶矽土 #空氣汙染物 #有毒

http://nepis.epa.gov/Exe/ZyPURL.cgi?Dockey=9100LGXA.TXT
Burning Tires for Fuel and Tire Pyrolysis: Air Implications

via "crystalline silica" "pyrolysis" "tire" - Google 搜尋

http://www.nanoient.org/download_file.php?id=3&&file=ENT121016.pdf
Synthesis of One Dimensional Carbon Nanofibers from Tire Pyrolysis Oil
#Spray pyrolysis


#Quartz reactor tube | Department of Earth & Environmental Engineering
#Waste-to-Energy (WtE) boilers.

http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/0361365879900055
Development of fluidized-bed pyrolysis of waste tires

via [ur=https://www.google.com/search?num=100&newwindow=1&espv=2&rlz=1C1ASUM_enTW678TW678&q=%22quartz%22+%22pyrolysis%22+%22tire%22&spell=1&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjCzcmzkPXNAhULppQKHXAJDLsQBQgbKAA&biw=1920&bih=955]"quartz" "pyrolysis" "tire" - Google 搜尋[/url]

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※ 作者: Ctea 時間: 2016-07-15 15:24:12
※ 編輯: Ctea 時間: 2016-07-15 17:35:25

Google Image Search - smoke
#悶燒 #製炭 #活性碳 #椰子殼 #傳統裂解

https://weare.techohio.ohio.gov/2015...ganized-for-colleges-students/
DecisionDesk Keeps Applications Organized for Colleges, Students – TechOhio

※ 編輯: Ctea 時間: 2016-07-21 16:45:12


https://www.researchgate.net/publica...nd_high_ash_paper_waste_sludge
Energy conversion assessment of vacuum, slow and fast pyrolysis processes for low and high ash paper waste sludge (PDF Download Available)

The performance of vacuum, slow and fast pyrolysis processes to transfer energy from the paper waste sludge (PWS) to liquid and solid products was compared. Paper waste sludges with low and high ash content (8.5 and 46.7 wt.%) were converted under optimised conditions for temperature and pellet size to maximise both product yields and energy content. Comparison of the gross energy conversions, as a combination of the bio-oil/tarry phase and char (ECsum), revealed that the fast pyrolysis performance was between 18.5% and 20.1% higher for the low ash PWS, and 18.4% and 36.5% higher for high ash PWS, when compared to the slow and vacuum pyrolysis processes respectively. For both PWSs, this finding was mainly attributed to higher production of condensable organic compounds and lower water yields during FP. The low ash PWS chars, fast pyrolysis bio-oils and vacuum pyrolysis tarry phase products had high calorific values (�18–23 MJ kg�1) making them promising for energy applications. Considering the low calorific values of the chars from alternative pyrolysis processes (�4–7 MJ kg�1), the high ash PWS should rather be converted to fast pyrolysis bio-oil to maximise the recovery of usable energy products.

#造紙 #紙漿廢料

https://www.researchgate.net/publica...riterion_for_biomass_pyrolysis
Using apparent activation energy as reactivity criterion for biomass pyrolysis (PDF Download Available)

The reactivity of chemically isolated lignocellulosic blocks, namely α-cellulose, holocellulose and lignin, has been rationalized based on the dependence of the effective activation energy (Eα) on conversion (α) determined via the popular isoconversional kinetic analysis, the Friedman’s method. First of all, a detailed procedure for the thermogravimetric data preparation, kinetic calculation and uncertainty estimation was implemented. Resulting Eα-dependencies obtained for the slow pyrolysis of the extractives-freed Eucalyptus grandis, isolated α-cellulose and holocellulose remained constant for 0.05 < α < 0.80 and equal to 173 ± 10, 208 ± 11 and 197 ± 118 kJ/mol; thus confirming the single-step nature of pyrolysis. On the other hand, large and significant variations in Eα with α from 174 ± 10 up to 322 ± 11 kJ/mol in the region of 0.05 and 0.79 were obtained for the Klason lignin and reported for the first time. The non-monotonic nature of weight loss at low and high conversions had a direct consequence on the confidence levels of Eα. The new experimental and calculation guidelines applied led to more accurate estimates of Eα values than those reported earlier. The increasing Eα-dependency trend confirms that lignin is converted into a carbonaceous material thermally more stable.

#活化能


https://www.researchgate.net/publica...nergistic_effects_using_TGA-MS
Pyrolysis and combustion of municipal solid wastes: Evaluation of synergistic effects using TGA-MS (PDF Download Available)

A thermogravimetric methodology was developed to investigate and semi-quantify the extent of synergistic effects during pyrolysis and combustion of municipal solid waste (MSW). Results from TGA-MS were used to compare the pyrolysis and combustion characteristics of single municipal solid waste components (polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polypropylene (PP), polystyrene (PS), branches (BR), leaves (LV), grass (GR), packaging paper (PK), hygienic paper (HP) and cardboard (CB)) and a mixture (MX) of PP, BR and CB. Samples were heated under dynamic conditions at 20 ° C/min from 25 ° C to 1000 ° C with the continuous record of their main evolved fragments. Synergistic effects were evaluated by comparing experimental and calculated weight losses and relative areas of MS peaks. Pyrolysis of the mixture happened in two stages, with the release of H2, CH4, H2O, CO and CO2 between 200–415 ° C and the release of CH4, CxHy, CO and CO2 between 415–525 ° C. Negative synergistic effect in the 1st stage was attributed to the presence of PP where the release of hydrocarbons and CO2 from BR and CB was inhibited, whereas positive synergistic effects were observed during the 2nd degradation stage. In a second part of the study, synergistic effects were related to the dependency of the effective activation energy (Eα) versus the conversion (α). Higher Eαs were obtained for MX during its 1st stage of pyrolysis and lower Eαs for the 2nd stage when compared to the individual components. On the other hand, mostly positive synergistic effects were observed during the combustion of the same mixture, for which lower Eαs were recorded.

#市鎮固體廢棄物 #家庭垃圾 #裂解


※ 編輯: Ctea 時間: 2016-07-29 14:31:41