---

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:IPA/Standard_German

 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/German_language

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:IPA/Alemannic_German

 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swabian_German

 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Low_Alemannic_German

 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/High_Alemannic_German

 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Highest_Alemannic_German

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:IPA/Colognian

 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colognian_dialect

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※ 作者: Ctea 時間: 2012-05-18 16:13:10

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/High_German_consonant_shift
High German consonant shift - Wikipedia

1. The three Germanic voiceless stops became fricatives in certain phonetic environments: English ship /ʃɪp/, Dutch schip [sxɪp], Norwegian skip [ʃi:p] versus German Schiff [ʃɪf];

2. The same sounds became affricates in other positions: Eng. apple /ˈæpəl/, Du. appel [ˈɑpəl], Nor. eple [ɛplə] vs. Ger. Apfel [ˈʔap͡fəl]; and

3. The three voiced stops became voiceless: Eng. door /dɔːr/, Du. deur [døːr], Nor. dør [døːr] vs. Ger. Tür [tyːɐ̯].

#高地德語輔音大改變 #上古德語 #上古英語 #子音 #語言學 #德語歷史 #德文 #日耳曼語系 #比較 #濁音清音化 #送氣擦音化 #蘋果 #門 #船

※ 編輯: Ctea 時間: 2021-04-09 14:24:11, 14:24:34 (台灣)

日耳曼語系

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Germanic_languages
德語族

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:IPA/Standard_German

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Upper_German
高地德語 / 南部德語 #巴伐利亞 #奧地利 #瑞士 #亞爾薩斯 #列支敦斯敦

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Central_German
中部德語

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Low_German
低地德語 / 北部德語

※ 編輯: Ctea 時間: 2021-10-10 01:08:14 (台灣)

: Moved from: https://disp.cc/b/261-9uCQ

https://www.google.com/search?q=日文...p;sourceid=chrome&ie=UTF-8

https://ai.glossika.com/zh-tw/blog/german-introduction
有點瘋狂，且具人類歷史和科學代表性的德文 | Glossika 部落格

認識德文：人類歷史和科學不可或缺的語言之一

※ 編輯: Ctea 時間: 2020-05-16 15:33:03, 15:33:08 (台灣)

: Copied from: https://disp.cc/b/261-9uCQ

https://zh.wikipedia.org/zh-tw/汉语方言

德語、藏語或阿拉伯語的方言之間亦不能互相通話，但仍被統一視為德語、藏語和阿拉伯語。在東亞，日語的津輕方言和秋田方言等，同樣與標準語差異巨大，一般人很難聽懂，但仍被視為「方言」。

[金田一春彥著《日語的特點》]

※ 編輯: Ctea 時間: 2020-05-16 15:34:22 (台灣)

https://youtu.be/U9oD_ppEAjg
How Different Are Standard German and Bavarian??? - YouTube
#日記26/05/2022 23:25
※ 編輯: Ctea 時間: 2022-05-27 04:32:45 (台灣)

https://youtu.be/RLiLfnPar3s
The Sound of the Austro-Bavarian language- Salzburg dialect (Numbers, Greetings & Story) - YouTube

※ 編輯: Ctea 時間: 2022-05-27 04:33:13 (台灣)

https://youtu.be/IKF0HfSg_oo
Bavarian German vs. Standard German (German Pronunciation & Dialects) - YouTube

https://youtu.be/pOjmzdM8il0
Typical Bavarian | Easy German 52 - YouTube

#典型的巴伐利亞人

by https://www.youtube.com/c/learnlanguages/videos
Easy Languages

※ 編輯: Ctea 時間: 2022-05-27 04:34:05 (台灣)
My Notepad, [30/10/2022 13:42]
https://youtu.be/9Z8nG0MQk2o
Differences between Austrian German and German German
My Notepad, [30/10/2022 13:42]
https://youtu.be/Xcz_2yJW3bI
Talking about Austria in slow Austrian German | Super Easy German (118)
My Notepad, [30/10/2022 13:42]
https://youtu.be/R-KKZWwSaHU
What Austrians think about Germans | Easy German 149
My Notepad, [30/10/2022 13:42]
https://youtu.be/F5T2-u5WJH8
Christoph Waltz On The Difference Between Germans & Austrians | CONAN on TBS

#德國人超值接但沒幽默感 #奧地利人講話有禮貌但拐彎抹角
My Notepad, [30/10/2022 13:43]
https://youtu.be/z-aSUEN-sXQ
Christoph Waltz: ENTWEDER... ODER – Österreich vs. USA | GQ Germany
My Notepad, [30/10/2022 13:43]
https://youtu.be/YcAVcHIebNY
Governor Arnold Schwarzenegger visits Hanover (Speaks german)
My Notepad, [30/10/2022 13:43]
https://youtu.be/z_OaPkR-rVs
Schwarzenegger german Interviews
My Notepad, [30/10/2022 13:42]
https://youtu.be/wyN5bz1xaC0
German Dialects - Alemannic

※ 編輯: Ctea 時間: 2022-10-30 23:55:55 (台灣)

hanover dialect

https://www.quora.com/It-is-often-sa...alect and losing their accent.
It is often said that people in Hannover speak the 'purest' German, whatever that means. Where does that come from historically?

[Günter Neessen] Standard German is based on East Central German (Thuringian/East Franconian) dialects, while the almost vanished Hanoverian dialect is a variant of Low German (Low Saxon dialect). The people of Hanover are said to speak the “purest” Standard German by most successfully avoiding their dialect and losing their accent.

(If this is the reason of the confusion: Note that the German state Saxony, inhabited mainly by the descendants of Thuringians, is not related to the Saxon language/dialect which is spoken in Lower Saxony by the descendants of the Saxon tribe...)

(I know, it is confusing indeed…)

The simplified version is that Standard German is historically developed as a written language that is based on the “Meißnerische Kanzleisprache”, a (written) koiné language in middle central Germany (Sachsen/Thüringen) that was used for court and law issues. Martin Luther used it as starting point for his Bible translation. The Bible, spread over whole Germany, massively influenced what was to become Standard German. Thus said, the written basis of Standard German was East Central German, a variant of High German, not Low German.

Interestingly, the standardized pronunciation of this East Central German comes near to how a Low German speaker would pronounce the written words in this East Central German language. The region of Hanover is said to be the “best-spoken” Standard German. I can just suppose how this came about.

1. In the cities of northern Germany, the new language widely superseded the common dialect(s) as written language.

2. Different from Central and Upper Germany, this language was alien to the speakers, like a foreign language (→ second, High German consonant shift; Dutch, nowadays a language on its own, was more similar to Low German than High German was).

While the central and southern Germans merged the written language with their similar dialects, the northern Germans spoke a completely different language when they used it. Therefore they put not as much of their own language into it, thus speaking a lesser dialectal/regional influenced, “purer” Standard German. They just spoke those foreign words like they were written. (At least they tried.)

3. This means that the “pure” Standard German lost all regional colours and melodic bending of the dialects. The result is an artificial, constructed language with little melodic and less vivid quality.

(According to the German Linguist Michael Elmenthaler the Hanoverian Standard German was not better than that of other northern German cities.)

= 分隔線 =

https://www.reddit.com/r/linguistics..._is_based_off_of_the_hannover/
If Standard German is based off of the Hannover dialect, which is in Plattdeutsch territory, why is Standard German Hochdeutsch? As a follow up, isn’t Bavarian supposed to be in Hochdeutsch territory so why does it sound so different from Standard German?

via https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hans_Huckebein,_der_Unglücksrabe
Die Geschichte vom Unglücksraben Hans Huckebein (landschaftlich für: „Hinkebein“)

by https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wilhelm_Busch

#跛腳 #漢諾瓦腔 #標準德語
#凶鳥 #兇鳥
※ 編輯: Ctea 時間: 2024-09-13 16:48:22, 16:53:41, 16:54:10 (台灣)

> https://disp.cc/b/261-fnXv

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/East_Franconian_German
East Franconian

#德國南部 #東法蘭克語

※ 編輯: Ctea 時間: 2025-04-17 20:28:29 (台灣)

↑

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Franconian

anything related to Franconia (German Franken), a historic region in Germany, now part of Bavaria, Thuringia and Baden-Württemberg

 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Franconia

 法蘭克尼亞 / 弗蘭肯 ，是德國的一個歷史地區，大致範圍是巴伐利亞邦北部、圖林根邦南部以及巴登-符騰堡邦的一小部分。

  巴伐利亞部分是由三個行政區域構成的，分別是上法蘭克尼亞、中法蘭克尼亞及下法蘭克尼亞。

 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/East_Franconian_German
 East Franconian German, a dialect spoken in Franconia

※ 編輯: Ctea 時間: 2025-04-18 00:48:13, 00:48:56 (台灣)

https://ja.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=ソルブ人&oldid=102622426
1910年（ドイツ帝国末期）のドイツ語多数地域図。

 https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Verbreitungsgebiet_der_deutschen_Sprache_neu.PNG

Berlin（ベルリン、中央上部）の南東、Bautzen（バウツェン）付近にある2つの灰色部分＝非ドイツ語地域（言語島）がソルブ語使用地域（ラウジッツ）。

via https://disp.cc/b/261-fw4s

 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sorbs

#20世紀初期德意志帝國末期德語區地圖
#Serbia #塞爾維亞？ #復活節習俗 #小鳥的婚宴 #彩蛋
※ 編輯: Ctea 時間: 2025-06-03 02:11:48 (台灣)
※ 編輯: Ctea 時間: 2025-06-03 02:12:29 (台灣)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hunsrik

 a Moselle Franconian language derived primarily from the Hunsrückisch dialect of West Central German which is spoken in parts of South America.

via https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Traub#Hunsrik

* grape
南美 日耳曼語言 德系
※ 編輯: Ctea 時間: 2026-02-13 02:54:03 (台灣)