---

 #印度 #伊朗 #斯拉夫 #克爾特 #北歐  Moved from title by 202504272048
> Moved from: https://disp.cc/b/261-9oTs

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proto-Indo-European_mythology

--
※ 作者: Ctea 時間: 2018-12-27 01:28:26

> http://disp.cc/b/261-8HyA
> https://www.plurk.com/p/mk6r6e #Chaoskampf

屠蛇屠龍神話

https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Chaos_(cosmogony)&oldid=849120641#Chaoskampf
https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php...9420061#Mythological_parallels
#屠龍神話 #大蛇

- Apollo vs Python

- Indra vs Vritra

- Thor vs Jörmungandr (?)

- Marduk vs Tiamat

- Baal vs Tannin, "Twisted Serpent", Litan (Leviathan), "Mighty One with Seven Heads"

- Ninurta vs the Warrior Dragon, the Palm Tree King, Lord Saman-ana, the Bison-beast, the Mermaid, the Seven-headed Snake, the Six-headed Wild Ram

- Teshub vs Illuyanka, Hedammu

- Vahagn vs the Dragon

- Heracles vs Hydra of Lerna

- Susa no O (須佐之男 / 素戔嗚尊) vs Yamata no Orochi (八岐大蛇)

- Perseus vs Cetus

- Perun vs Veles (via Belobog#Slavic Dualism)

See also:

 - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perkūnas

 - https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Perkwunos&oldid=857007310

- Saint George vs the Dragon

古典時代
- - - -
中古世紀

- Beowulf vs the Dragon

- Sigurd vs Fafnir

※ 編輯: Ctea 時間: 2016-09-27 21:40:19, 21:51:18

: Moved from: https://disp.cc/b/261-8HyA

http://www.ceisiwrserith.com/pier/deities.htm
Ceisiwr Serith Main Page ->Proto-Indo-European Deities

#原始印歐神話

※ 編輯: Ctea 時間: 2015-05-18 15:28:16, 15:39:10
※ 編輯: Ctea 時間: 2015-05-19 09:32:26, 17:54:16

: Moved from: https://disp.cc/b/261-8HyA

https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Proto-Indo-European_religion&oldid=791425913
https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Proto-Indo-European_religion&oldid=815257063
https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Proto-Indo-European_religion&oldid=847458158
https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php...=849607049&oldid=815257063

#印歐神話

※ 編輯: Ctea 時間: 2018-07-12 13:45:40, 18:07:15, 18:07:34
※ 編輯: Ctea 時間: 2017-07-14 01:19:23
※ 編輯: Ctea 時間: 2018-08-01 16:50:28
※ 編輯: Ctea 時間: 2018-09-12 03:11:24

https://www.plurk.com/p/m6qqb2

#復活節 #彼得兔

※ 編輯: Ctea 時間: 2017-08-01 13:08:43

http://blog.xuite.net/jay8308066/xj61512u44eji61/25738389

※ 編輯: Ctea 時間: 2018-02-08 13:32:44

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belobog 白神
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chernobog 黑神

https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Veles_(god)&oldid=860578331

The duality and conflict of Perun and Veles does not represent the dualistic clash of good and evil; rather, it is the opposition of the natural principles of earth, water and substance (Veles) against heaven, fire and spirit (Perun).

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Veles_(god) #Hermes #Loki #Mitra

掌管：冥府、地、水、肥沃、魔法、魔術/惡作劇（參考：Loki）、牲畜、牧草、蛇、狼、醫藥、音樂

對應的為
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perun
掌管：春季、東方、肥沃、大氣、雷霆、戰士、貴族、火

後來基督教傳入之後，分別改成St. Nicholas與St. Elias

前者專門幫助窮困人家、學生、性工作者，會在聖尼古拉日帶來禮物、硬幣等。然後後來演變成聖誕老人。

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dažbog #Feosta (Hephaestus) #埃及 #Heimdall #門神

#斯拉夫多神教 #天與地

參考：

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mitra–Varuna

Varuna - 黑夜 - 秩序 - 司法 - 正義 - 天空 -  水  - 天海 - 冥府

Mitra  - 白晝 - 友愛 - 契約 - 真理 - 友情 - 牲畜 - 誓約 - 日光

#二元對立但非善惡對立正邪對立

※ 編輯: Ctea 時間: 2018-10-03 00:32:50

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asteria_(Titaness)

https://en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=asteria&rdfrom=Asteria#Etymology

https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Ishtar#Etymology

https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Esther#Etymology

https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Estelle#Etymology

https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Estella#Etymology

https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Stella#Etymology

= 分隔線 =

https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₂stḗr

https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Stern#Etymology

https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/star#Etymology

https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/stella#Latin

https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/etoile

https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/aster#Etymology

https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/astro-#Etymology

https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/ἄστρον#Ancient_Greek

#星星 #字根

※ 編輯: Ctea 時間: 2018-12-09 04:53:55

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dying-and-rising_deity
Dying-and-rising deity - Wikipedia

#死而復生的神明

※ 編輯: Ctea 時間: 2018-12-09 04:59:46

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interpretatio_graeca
Interpretatio graeca

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cú_Chulainn

https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Cú_Chulainn&oldid=863767394

Cú Chulainn shows striking similarities to the legendary Persian hero Rostam, as well as to the Germanic Lay of Hildebrand and the labours of the Greek epic hero Heracles, suggesting a common Indo-European origin,^[10] but lacking in linguistic, anthropological and archaeological material.<sup>[11]

[10]</sup> M. Connell: The Medieval Hero: Christian and Muslim Traditions. Ed. Dr. Müller. 2008. p. 227

^[11] A. Häusler, Indogermanische Altertumskunde, pp.406-407, In: H. Beck, D. Geuenich, H. Steuer, Reallexikon der Germanischen Altertumskunde, vol. 15, 2000, pp.402-408)

#神話英雄

※ 編輯: Ctea 時間: 2018-12-19 16:48:55

https://www.google.com/search?num=10...gws-wiz.......0i71.10xcpPF2Eu0

https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Anahita&oldid=873060915

Anahita

The Greek and Roman historians of classical antiquity refer to her either as Anaïtis or identified her with one of the divinities from their own pantheons. 270 Anahita, a silicaceous S-type asteroid, is named after her. Based on the development of her cult, she was described as a syncretistic goddess, which was composed of two independent elements. The first is a manifestation of the Indo-Iranian idea of the Heavenly River who provides the waters to the rivers and streams flowing in the earth while the second is that of a goddess with an uncertain origin, though maintaining her own unique characteristics, became associated with the cult of the ancient Mesopotamian goddess Inanna-Ishtar.^[3]

As a divinity of the waters (Abān), the yazata is of Indo-Iranian origin, according to Lommel related to Sanskrit Sarasvatī that, like its Proto-Iranian equivalent *Harahvatī, derives from Indo-Iranian *Saraswṇtī.[1][10][11] In its old Iranian form *Harahvatī, "her name was given to the region, rich in rivers, whose modern capital is Delhi (Avestan Haraxvaitī, Old Persian Hara(h)uvati-, Greek Arachosia)."[1]

https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Aban&oldid=867238532#Introduction

As also in the Indian religious texts, the waters are considered a primordial element. In Zoroastrian cosmogony, the waters are the second creation, after that of the sky.^[3] Aside from Apas herself/themselves, no less than seven Zoroastrian divinities are identified with the waters: All three Ahuras (Mazda, Mithra, Apam Napat), two Amesha Spentas (Haurvatat, Armaiti) and two lesser Yazatas (Aredvi Sura Anahita and Ahurani).

#恆河

※ 編輯: Ctea 時間: 2018-12-19 17:04:29

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Burz

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apam_Napat
https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Apam_Napat&oldid=862766675

https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php...;oldid=872898876#Water_deities

Philologists reconstruct his name from that of the Vedic god Apám Nápát, the Roman god Neptūnus, and the Old Irish god Nechtain. Although such a god has been solidly reconstructed in Proto-Indo-Iranian religion, Mallory and Adams nonetheless still reject him as a Proto-Indo-European deity on linguistic grounds.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nechtan_(mythology)
https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Nechtan_(mythology)&oldid=856541483

According to Georges Dumézil the name Nechtan is perhaps cognate with that of the Romano-British god Nodens or the Roman god called Neptunus, and the Persian and Vedic gods sharing the name Apam Napat.

#水神

※ 編輯: Ctea 時間: 2018-12-19 17:06:58

https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Janus&oldid=872938940
In one of his works G. Dumézil has postulated the existence of a structural difference in level between the Indo-European gods of beginning and ending and the other gods who fall into a tripartite structure, reflecting the most ancient organization of society. So in IE religions there is an introducer god (as Vedic Vâyu and Roman Janus) and a god of ending, a nurturer goddess and a genie of fire (as Vedic Saraswati and Agni, Avestic Armaiti, Anâitâ and Roman Vesta) who show a sort of mutual solidarity: the concept of 'god of ending' is defined in connection to the human referential, i.e. the current situation of man in the universe, and not to endings as transitions, which are under the jurisdiction of the gods of beginning owing to the ambivalent nature of the concept. Thus the god of beginning is not structurally reducible to a sovereign god, nor the goddess of ending to any of the three categories on to which the goddesses are distributed. There is though a greater degree of fuzziness concerning the function and role of goddesses, which may have formed a preexisting structure allowing the absorption of the local Mediterranean mother goddesses, nurturers and protectresses.

※ 編輯: Ctea 時間: 2018-12-27 01:56:23

https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php...hesis_on_the_origins_of_Vulcan
Hypothesis on the origins of Vulcan

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zeus#Zeus_Velchanos

#Velchanos

※ 編輯: Ctea 時間: 2018-12-27 01:59:06, 02:00:10, 02:02:40, 04:49:41, 04:50:35, 05:01:32

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hausos
Hausos

https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Hausos&oldid=882609467

#曙光破曉女神 #アメノウズメ #日本神話

※ 編輯: Ctea 時間: 2019-04-20 03:39:58

https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/九曜

https://www.google.com/search?newwin...gws-wiz.......0i71.XizXt4uUP04
Ketu Rahu Hati Skoll

#日蝕 #月蝕 #計都 #羅睺 #印度 #北歐 #狼

※ 編輯: Ctea 時間: 2019-04-20 04:21:57

https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Diana_(mythology)&oldid=893205181#Mythology

Unlike the Greek gods, Roman gods were originally considered to be numina: divine powers of presence and will that did not necessarily have physical form. At the time Rome was founded, Diana and the other major Roman gods probably did not have much mythology per se, or any depictions in human form. The idea of gods as having anthropomorphic qualities and human-like personalities and actions developed later, under the influence of Greek and Etruscan religion.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Numen

#神靈存在 #沒有背景故事

※ 編輯: Ctea 時間: 2019-04-20 04:49:22

https://www.indifferentlanguages.com/words/god
Do You Know How to Say God in Different Languages?

#不同語言

https://www.google.com/search?newwin..........0i71j0i7i30.PzNqxpBzsv4

http://medievalscotland.org/names/sca/tighearna.shtml

※ 編輯: Ctea 時間: 2019-06-17 17:53:04

https://www.google.com/search?q=god+...p;sourceid=chrome&ie=UTF-8

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Threefold_death

※ 編輯: Ctea 時間: 2019-06-17 22:32:47
※ 編輯: Ctea 時間: 2019-06-26 14:38:44

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comparative_mythology
Comparative mythology

#比較神話學

※ 編輯: Ctea 時間: 2019-06-26 15:44:11

https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Vulcan_(mythology)&oldid=904180382#Etymology

It has been supposed that his name was not Latin but related to that of the Cretan god Velchanos, a god of nature and the nether world. Wolfgang Meid has dispued this identification as phantastic. More recently this etymology has been taken up by Gérard Capdeville who finds a continuity between Cretan Minoan god Velchanos and Etruscan Velchans. The Minoan god's identity would be that of a young deity, master of fire and companion of the Great Goddess.

https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php...hesis_on_the_origins_of_Vulcan

The origin of the Roman god of fire Vulcan has been traced back to the Cretan god Velchanos by Gérard Capdeville, primarily under the suggestion of the close similarity of their names.  Cretan Velchanos is a young god of Mediterranean or Near Eastern origin who has mastership of fire and is the companion of the Great Goddess. These traits are preserved in Latium only in his sons Cacus, Caeculus, Romulus and Servius Tullius.

His theology would be reflected in the Greek myths of Theseus and the Minotaur and in those concerning the childhood of Zeus on Mount Ida. The Mediterranean Pregreek conception is apparent in the depiction of Velchanos as a young man sitting upon a fork of a tree on coins from Phaistos dating from 322 to 300 BC, showing him as a god of vegetation and springtime: the tree is the symbol of the union of Heaven and Earth and their generative power, i. e. the site of the union of the god and the goddess.

Otherwise Earth would be symbolised in the tree and Heaven in the double axe of the god. Later Velchanos was depicted as a bull as testified in the myths of Pasiphae and Europa. The Greeks misunderstood the meaning of the bull as for them the symbol of Zeus was a bird: the cock, the cuckoo or the eagle. Theseus brought to Delos the dance named géranos (literally the dance of the crane) which Capdeville connects with Garanos, a variant of the Recaranus of Italic myths. B. Sergent remarks that such an inquiry needs to include the Tarvos Trigaranos (the bull of the three horns) of Gaul.

The theological profile of Velchanos looks identical to that of Jupiter Dolichenus, a god of primarily Hittite ascendence in his identification with the bull, who has Sumero-Accadic, Aramaic and Hittito-Hurrite features as a god of tempest, according for example to the researches conducted in Syria by French scholar Paul Merlat. His cult enjoyed a period of popularity in the Roman Empire during the 2nd and 3rd centuries and the god had a temple in Rome on the Aventine.

#年輕人 #牛

https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php...onflation_with_other_goddesses

https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php...ad_and_conflation_with_Artemis

#政治

※ 編輯: Ctea 時間: 2019-07-02 15:34:28

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deities_of_Slavic_religion

https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Deities_of_Slavic_religion&oldid=875405798

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Marek_Hapon

#斯拉夫神明

※ 編輯: Ctea 時間: 2018-12-26 17:39:11

> https://www.google.com/search?q="Vel...p;sourceid=chrome&ie=UTF-8

https://en.uj.edu.pl/en_GB/news/-/journal_content/56_INSTANCE_SxA5QO0R5BDs/81541894/138378674
A merry old man? Not necessarily. The secret history of Santa Claus - News - Jagiellonian University - Jagiellonian University

#聖誕老人 #新月黑熊

※ 編輯: Ctea 時間: 2018-12-27 01:38:46, 01:39:31

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Trickster_gods
魔術神 Trickster gods #惡作劇

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Magic_gods
魔法神

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Wisdom_gods
智慧神

※ 編輯: Ctea 時間: 2018-12-27 01:41:44, 01:43:58, 01:47:04, 01:48:04, 01:50:19

https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php...538#God_of_magic_and_musicians

Believed to be related to the Indo-European deity of Mitra as well as the Norse deity Loki.

According to Ivanov and Toporov, Veles' portrayal as having a penchant for mischief is evident both from his role in the storm myth and in carnival customs of Koledari shamans. In his role as a trickster god, he is in some ways similar to both Greek Hermes and Scandinavian Loki. He was connected with magic.

The myth was cyclical, repeating itself each year. The death of Veles was never permanent; he would reform himself as a serpent who would shed its old skin and would be reborn in a new body.

Although in this particular myth he plays a negative role as bringer of chaos, Veles was not seen as an evil god by ancient Slavs.

In fact, in many of the Russian folk tales, Veles, appearing under the Christian guise of St. Nicholas, saves the poor farmer and his cattle from the furious and destructive St. Elias the Thunderer, who, of course, represents the Perun.^[a]

The duality and conflict of Perun and Veles does not represent the dualistic clash of good and evil; rather, it is the opposition of the natural principles of earth and water (Veles) against heaven/sky and fire (Perun).

https://www.google.com/search?q="Vel...p;sourceid=chrome&ie=UTF-8

https://www.google.com/search?q="Vol...p;sourceid=chrome&ie=UTF-8

https://vovatia.wordpress.com/2012/09/29/a-russian-religious-rip-off/
A Russian Religious Rip-Off | VoVatia

#斯拉夫世界樹

https://vovatia.wordpress.com/2011/08/21/better-go-see-elijah/
Better Go See Elijah | VoVatia

http://deity-of-the-week.blogspot.com/2011/11/velesvolos.html
Deity of the Week: Veles/Volos

Veles (Cyrillic: Велес; Polish: Weles; Old Russian and Old Church Slavonic: Велесъ) also known as Volos (Russian: Волосъ) (listed as a Christian saint in Old Russian texts) is a major Slavic god of earth, waters and the underworld, associated with dragons, cattle, magic, musicians, wealth and trickery. He is also the opponent of thunder-god Perun, and the battle between two of them constitutes one of the most important myths of Slavic mythology. No direct accounts survive, but reconstructions speculate that he may directly continue aspects of the Proto-Indo-European pantheon and that he may have been imagined as (at least partially) serpentine, with horns (of a bull, ram or some other domesticated herbivore), and a long beard.

A similar pattern can be observed amongst the South Slavs. Here the name of Veles appears only in toponyms, the most well-known of which is the city of Veles in Macedonia, over which looms a hill of St. Elias the Thunderer. Another example is the town of Volosko in Croatia, situated on the seashore under the peak of Mount Ucka, nicknamed Perun. Amongst Western Slavs, the name can be principally found in 15th and 16th century Czech records, where it means either dragon or devil.

The myth was cyclical, repeating itself each year. The death of Veles was never permanent; he would reform himself as a serpent who would shed its old skin and would be reborn in a new body. Although in this particular myth he plays the negative role as bringer of chaos, Veles was not seen as an evil god by ancient Slavs. In fact, in many of the Russian folk tales, Veles, appearing under the Christian guise of St. Nicholas, saves the poor farmer and his cattle from the furious and destructive St. Elias the Thunderer, who, of course, represents the old Perun. The duality and conflict of Perun and Veles does not represent the dualistic clash of good and evil; rather, it is the opposition of the natural principles of earth, water and substance (Veles) against heaven, fire and spirit (Perun).

#商業之神 #七神 #偷牛偷子偷老婆 #下雨 #暴風神戰龍/大蛇 #季節變化 #大自然現象的對比 #並非正邪之戰

※ 編輯: Ctea 時間: 2018-12-21 01:31:58, 04:56:14

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belobog

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chernobog

https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Belobog&oldid=864444300#Two_aspects_of_one_god

Russian philologists Vyacheslav Ivanov and Vladimir Toporov probably struck the final blow to Peisker's theory with their studies of Indo-European myth about the battle of a Storm god and a Dragon and its Slavic version, the fight of Perun and Veles. In many Slavic countries, there are toponyms reminiscent of the two: The name of Perun is associated with a hill or mountain peak, and the name of Veles with water or a lowland under it. The opposition between the two of them is not that of good versus evil, but rather of above versus below.

https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php...orrupted_by_Christian_ideology

Perun, being the god of thunder and sky, was worshipped in high places. On the other hand, the places reserved for Veles, the god of underworld and cattle, were in lowlands near rivers or springs.

With the arrival of Christianity, the once supreme god Perun was usually identified with one of the heavenly saints (or sometimes even with the Christian God), while Veles, being a god of the underworld, had the bad luck of ending associated with the Christian Devil. Thus, christianization somewhat altered certain (but not all) of these toponyms in that some of them became associated with the devil and hell, while others with heaven and light, blurring their original symbolism.

#受到基督教破壞 #倒楣 #壞運

https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Perun&oldid=869847564#Characteristics

Like many other Indo-European thunder gods, Perun's vegetative hypostasis was the oak, especially a particularly distinctive or prominent one. In Southern Slavic traditions, marked oaks stood on country borders; communities at these positions were visited during village holidays in the late spring and during the summer. Shrines of Perun were located either on top of mountains or hills, or in sacred groves underneath ancient oaks. These were a general place of worship and holding of sacrifices (with a bull, an ox, a ram, and eggs).

※ 編輯: Ctea 時間: 2018-12-24 13:39:22

https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Deities_of_Slavic_religion&oldid=871253074
Slavic folk belief holds that the world organises itself according to an oppositional and yet complementary cosmic duality through which the supreme God expresses itself, represented by Belobog ("White God") and Chernobog ("Black God"), collectively representing heavenly-masculine and earthly-feminine deities, or waxing light and waning light gods, respectively

The two are also incarnated by Svarog–Perun and Veles, whom have been compared to the Indo-Iranian Mitra and Varuna, respectively.

天、陽剛、男性、明亮
地、陰柔、女性、盈虧

※ 編輯: Ctea 時間: 2018-12-24 13:40:20, 13:43:38, 21:08:37

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perkwunos

※ 編輯: Ctea 時間: 2018-12-27 05:04:15

https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Veles_(god)&oldid=873304538
Volos (Russian: Волос, listed as a Christian saint in Old Russian texts)

After the advent of Christianity, Veles was split into several different characters.

As a god of the underworld and dragons, he, of course, became identified with the Devil.

His more benevolent sides were transformed to several Christian saints.

As a protector of cattle, he became associated with Saint Blaise, popularly known among various Slavic nations as St. Vlaho, St. Blaz, or St. Vlasiy. In Yaroslavl, for example, the first church built on the site of Veles's pagan shrine was dedicated to St Blaise, for the latter's name was similar to Veles and he was likewise considered a heavenly patron of shepherds.

As mentioned already, in many Eastern Slavic folk tales, he was replaced by St. Nicholas, probably because the popular stories of the saint describe him as a giver of wealth and a sort of a trickster.

https://www.google.com/search?q=Sain...p;sourceid=chrome&ie=UTF-8

http://www.academia.edu/10743453/St._Perun_and_St._Volos
St. Perun and St. Volos | James Joshua Pennington - Academia.edu

St. Perun and St. Volos: the “Semiotic Blending” of Pagan Gods with Christian Saints in the Imagery of a 13th-century Novgorodian St. John Climacos Icon

※ 編輯: Ctea 時間: 2019-01-03 16:39:13

https://www.google.com/search?q="Vol...p;sourceid=chrome&ie=UTF-8

https://www.google.com/search?num=10...j0i22i10i30j33i160.hWFERyfCuiE

 https://books.google.com.tw/books?id..."St. Vlas" "Veles"&f=false
 Russian Folk Belief - Linda J. Ivanits - Google Books

※ 編輯: Ctea 時間: 2019-01-03 16:40:09

https://www.facebook.com/taiwan.greece/photos/a.352333975567494/353059312161627/?type=3&theater

幫忙補充一下。XD 以下憑記憶打：

1. 那位三姊妹家很窮，可能沒有辦法負擔得起嫁妝，甚至可能要去賣春，St. Nicholas因為聽到了這件事情而想幫助，但是正大光明拿錢過去恐怕會傷及三姊妹父親的自尊，於是他才在夜裡喬裝，將裝滿金幣的袋子從窗口投入。如此持續了共三晚。

2. 承(1)，這個故事有類似的版本，主角則是不同的聖徒，但已St. Nicholas的最為有名。

3. 承(1)，也因此在部分地方，St. Nicholas不但是小孩的守護聖徒，亦被視為妓女的守護聖徒。

4. 荷蘭的Sintaklaas雖然是以St. Nicholas為基底，但是也融入了日耳曼元素。

【插播】關於聖誕節

c1. 12/25日原本是羅馬帝國的冬至祭典，一般被視為太陽神Sol Invictus的祭典。羅馬帝國改宗之後，該祭典被轉為慶祝耶穌誕生，因此耶穌的生日就沿用了這個日期。也因為其異教祭典之本質與起源，部分基督教的教派是不過聖誕節的。

c2. 日耳曼人則是有獨自的祭典Yule「仲冬節」，在一些部族則產生了人格化的象徵"Yule"，他會給大人們帶來饗宴、遊戲，與歡樂，後來Yule在英格蘭演化成了「聖誕父親」（Father Christmas），但多與小孩無關，身上顏色有紅與(或)綠和白色。

c3. 承(c2)這個節日有時會與他們的主神Odin（亦稱為Wodan，稱呼因部落/民族而異）有關，因此影響了Sintaklaas的造型，像是長鬍鬚、騎馬。

5. Sintaklaas被荷裔人士帶到美國，在那邊演化出了Santa Clause。相較於Sintaklaas，他乘著麋鹿拉的雪撬、身材也要豐腴、造型也不是主教的樣子，而是我們現在看到的"聖誕帽與聖誕衣"，之後又傳回了歐洲。在英格蘭，Santa Clause漸漸與Father Christmas混同，因此Father Christmas也開始會帶禮物給小朋友。而在現代，Father Christmas在大部分的地方已經成了Santa Clause的別稱了。

6. St Nicholas為人們帶來財富，除了傳說中的事蹟之外，亦被認為可能源自於斯拉夫神Veles。Veles是掌管地、水、冥、財、魔法、牲畜、牧草、魔法、魔術、音樂、醫藥之神。身為大地之神，帶來肥沃與財富、幫助人民是他的能力之一，也因此當基督教傳到斯拉夫的時候，他便與St Nicholas同化了。除了與St. Nicholas同化之外，他也因為身為牲畜（以牛隻為主）的保護者，而與另一名聖徒 St Blaise同化。而在古時候的俄羅斯，他則是直接成為聖徒St. Volos（類似的有愛爾蘭的聖徒Saint Brigid被認為可能是女神Brigid）。



https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saint_Nicholas
 https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Saint_Nicholas&oldid=877917377 

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sinterklaas
 https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sinterklaas&oldid=877760723

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Santa_Claus
 https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Santa_Claus&oldid=878392474

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Father_Christmas
 https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Father_Christmas&oldid=877906219

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christmas#Introduction_of_feast
 https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Christmas&oldid=878368477

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sol_Invictus
 https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sol_Invictus&oldid=875308811

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mithraism
 https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mithraism&oldid=877798515

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mithras_in_comparison_with_other_belief_systems
 https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php...ef_systems&oldid=877621409

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yule
 https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Yule&oldid=875994758

※ 編輯: Ctea 時間: 2019-01-15 04:17:03, 04:17:40

https://www.ancient-origins.net/myth...-battle-two-slavic-gods-005585
Veles and Perun: The Legendary Battle of Two Slavic Gods | Ancient Origins

※ 編輯: Ctea 時間: 2019-06-10 21:34:00

https://www.google.com/search?newwin...kJQKHX0YBfwQ4dUDCAw&uact=5

https://www.google.com/search?q=site...p;sourceid=chrome&ie=UTF-8

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Slavic_dragon
In the Bulgarian version of Saint George and the Dragon, the dragon was a lamia. Bulgarian legends tell of how a hero (actually a double of St. George, denoted as "George of the Flowers", Cveten Gǝorgi, Bulgarian: цветен Гьорги cuts off the heads of the three- or multi-headed Lamia, and when the hero accomplishes its destruction and sever all its heads, "rivers of fertility" are said to flow. This song about St. George's fight with the lamia occurs in ritual spiritual verse supposed to be sung around St. George's day.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Slavic_Native_Faith
Slavic Native Faith

Ivakhiv says that despite the intense efforts of Christian authorities, the Christianisation of the Slavs, and especially of Russians, was very slow and resulted in a "thorough synthesis of Pagan and Christian elements", reflected for instance in the refashioning of gods as Christian saints (Perun as Saint Elias, Veles as Saint Blasius and Yarilo as Saint George) and in the overlapping of Christian festivals on Pagan ones.[41] The scholar of Russian folk religion Linda J. Ivanits reports ethnographic studies documenting that even in late nineteenth- and early twentieth-century Russia there were entire villages maintaining indigenous religious beliefs, whether in pure form or under the cover of a superficial Christianity. According to her, the case of Russia is exceptional compared to western Europe, because Russia neither lived the intellectual upheavals of the Renaissance, nor the Reformation, nor the other movements which severely weakened folk spirituality in Europe.

#St. George

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Veles_(god)

Veles is one of few Slavic gods for which evidence of offerings can be found in all Slavic nations. The Primary Chronicle, a historical record of the early Kievan Rus, is the earliest and most important record, mentioning a god named Volos several times. Here, Volos is mentioned as god of cattle and peasants, who will punish oath-breakers with diseases, the opposite of Perun who is described as a ruling god of war who punishes by death in battle. In the later half of the 10th century, Veles or Volos was one of seven gods whose statues Vladimir I of Kiev had erected in his city. It is very interesting that Veles' statue apparently did not stand next to others, on the hill where the prince's castle was, but lower in the city, in the marketplace. Not only does this indicate that Veles was connected with commerce, but it also shows that worship of Perun and Veles had to be kept separate: while it was proper for Perun's shrines to be built high, on the top of the hill, Veles' place was down, in the lowlands.

A similar pattern can be observed among the South Slavs. Here the name of Veles appears only in toponyms, the best-known of which is the city of Veles in Macedonia, over which looms a hill of St. Elias the Thunderer. Also, in Bosnia and Herzegovina, a part of Sarajevo is called Velešići and a mountain Velež  near Mostar, Herzegovina. Other examples are Veles in Western Serbia, Velesnica on the Danube and Velestovo in Montenegro and also the township of Velestino (Βελεστίνο, today Φέρες), apparently bearing testimony to a Slavic layer in the settlement of Thessaly. Another debatable if not improbable example8 is the town of Volosko in Croatia, situated on the seashore under the peak of Mount Učka, nicknamed Perun.

Among Western Slavs, the name can be principally found in 15th and 16th century Czech records, where it means either dragon or devil.

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Veles_(god)

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:The_Mythology_of_all_races_(1918)_(14578796339).jpg
"Weles" in wolf form, from The Mythology of All Races (1918).

#山丘 #低地

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Perun_and_Veles_create_the_man.jpg
The man was created by Veles from straw (used by Perun for bathing), but was not alive. Then Perun put the life to his body.

#造人 #稻草 #生命

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Велес-_бог_домашніх_тварин.jpg

#排笛 #牧羊人

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:The_Mythology_of_all_races_(1918)
The Mythology of all races (1918)

#各民族的神話 #書籍

※ 編輯: Ctea 時間: 2020-04-28 02:39:07 (台灣)

https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Thor&oldid=965751116

The prologue to the Prose Edda euhemerises Thor as a prince of Troy, and the son of king Memnon by Troana, a daughter of Priam. Thor, also known as Tror, is said to have married the prophetess Sibyl (identified with Sif). Thor is further said here to have been raised in Thrace by a chieftain named Lorikus, whom he later slew to assume the title of "King of Thrace", to have had hair "fairer than gold", and to have been strong enough to lift ten bearskins.

The name of the æsir is explained as "men from Asia", Asgard being the "Asian city" (i.e., Troy). Alternatively, Troy is in Tyrkland (Turkey, i.e., Asia Minor), and Asialand is Scythia, where Thor founded a new city named Asgard. Odin is a remote descendant of Thor, removed by twelve generations, who led an expedition across Germany, Denmark and Sweden to Norway.

#北歐 #特洛伊

※ 編輯: Ctea 時間: 2020-07-08 23:35:42 (台灣)
※ 編輯: Ctea 時間: 2020-10-13 03:53:58 (台灣)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salmon...ce transformed into a salmon.)
Salmon of Knowledge

#知識的鮭魚 #智慧的鮭魚
via Kaede*
※ 編輯: Ctea 時間: 2020-10-15 00:26:18 (台灣)
※ 編輯: Ctea 時間: 2021-02-01 17:33:49, 17:34:01, 17:36:04 (台灣)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hindu_mythology
Hindu mythology

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vedic_mythology
Vedic mythology

Vedic lore contains numerous elements which are common to Indo-European mythological traditions, like the mythologies of Persia, Greece, and Rome, and that of the Celtic, Germanic, Baltic and Slavic peoples.

※ 編輯: Ctea 時間: 2021-02-11 18:41:58 (台灣)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hiranyagarbha
Hiranyagarbha

#世界卵 #蛋 #World egg

https://zh.wikipedia.org/zh-tw/盘古
盤古

※ 編輯: Ctea 時間: 2021-02-11 18:42:49 (台灣)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rigveda
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hindu_views_on_evolution#Hindu_creationism
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Purusha

#Atman 我 (印度教) https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ātman_(Hinduism) 

※ 編輯: Ctea 時間: 2021-02-11 18:45:26 (台灣)

> https://www.plurk.com/p/lf3x6s

https://www.google.com/search?q=site...p;sourceid=chrome&ie=UTF-8

https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Shiva&oldid=1025378973

https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Acala&oldid=1024969251

https://ja.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=不動明王&diff=83279506&oldid=59414572

#Acala #Shiva #不動明王 #濕婆

※ 編輯: Ctea 時間: 2021-05-28 09:20:23 (台灣)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peri
Peri

#波斯神話 #火作的 #惡作劇 #魅魔相關？

※ 編輯: Ctea 時間: 2021-07-19 18:50:16 (台灣)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hindu_views_on_evolution
Hindu views on evolution - Wikipedia

https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Hindu_views_on_evolution&oldid=1039088391
While the Creation–evolution controversy has seen much debate in US, Middle East and parts of Africa, it is an insignificant issue in India, because of its Hindu-majority population.

#印度教對進化論的看法 #反觀美國

※ 編輯: Ctea 時間: 2021-08-17 11:53:32 (台灣)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Donn

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yama

#人類祖先成為冥界之王

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proto-Indo-European_mythology

※ 編輯: Ctea 時間: 2018-09-12 03:28:23, 03:33:38

https://www.plurk.com/p/mj4bzp

掌管陰間與死後審判的閻羅王，源自於印度，而且應該可以上溯到印歐民族。印度的Yama、伊朗的賢王Jamshīd（Yima）、羅馬建城雙子(弟)Remus（古拉丁語*Yemos）、北歐的第一個巨人Ymir應該是源自於同一神話人物。字根為"雙"、"對"，其中Yama有雙子的妹妹Yami，Remus有雙子的哥哥；Ymir與Remus都被殺害。

根據印度的神話，閻羅原本為世界上的第一個人類，死後因為第一個到陰間而成為陰間之王。

※ 編輯: Ctea 時間: 2021-10-15 15:49:16 (台灣)

https://www.google.com/search?q="Her...p;sourceid=chrome&ie=UTF-8

 https://www.saatchiart.com/art/Sculpture-Hermes-Disguised-as-Ganesh/504293/2342252/view
 Hermes Disguised as Ganesh Sculpture by Christine Palamidessi | Saatchi Art

 https://www.reddit.com/r/occult/comments/2usbzn/in_our_modern_magikal_pantheon_hermes_ganesh/
 In our modern magikal pantheon Hermes, Ganesh, Thoth are all linked... has this caused anyone problems? : occult

 https://devoteeofhermes.wordpress.com/2014/08/31/jai-ganesh/
 Jai Ganesh! | Devotee of Hermes

※ 編輯: Ctea 時間: 2021-10-15 15:57:05 (台灣)

https://www.instagram.com/p/CUTrtFXNSHW/c/17926078480763773/ via https://disp.cc/b/261-a2Q9 #設計師的仙界傳說

Marvel的Asgard是以北歐神話的Asgard為範本。有趣的是，因為北歐與印度文化都屬於印歐體系，而Asgard（AEsir族所居住之地）與阿修羅（Asura）應該是屬於同源。[1] 阿修羅中的Dana（《梨俱吠陀》的原初女神，後裔為Danavas），在其他歐洲都有對應，如愛爾蘭神話的Danu（後裔為Tuatha Dé Danann「達納神族」）。以及剩下以他來命名的河流，如Don（頓河；俄國）、Donau（多瑙河；德國）、Dnieper（聶伯河；俄、白俄、烏克蘭）。"As-"（神）後來在印歐分化時，印度伊朗這一大支文化裡面，As-在伊朗依舊維持了神族的身分（如拜火教的Ahura Mazda [馬自達汽車的名稱由來]就是修羅，傳到密宗則成為大日如來），但來到印度卻成為了「非天」（阿修羅），被視為魔族。

類似的情況就像Dev-（天）在歐洲依舊是代表天神，如宙斯（Zeus Pater；希臘）、尤比得（Jupiter；羅馬）、Dyaus Pita（印度），前三尊意思都是「天父」。Dev-在印度文化形成了「提婆」（天族），反觀在伊朗則變成惡魔「Daeva」。巧合的是，Devil（魔鬼/魔王）被說字根也是Dev-，印證了魔王是從天界來的。[2]（事實上，Devil詞源其實是從希臘文Diábolos演變而來。）

此外，雖然佛教講六道（提婆、阿修羅、人、畜生、餓鬼、地獄），但實際上更早的是五趣，差別就在於提婆（天）與阿修羅同屬一趣，都是「神」。

另外其實五趣都需要修行，[2]天人不修就會天人五衰直接落到地獄；修羅經過修行也能成為佛。以前聽法師（佛教）講道說經的時候，也有提到公雞天天去聽佛，後來往生脫離五趣的故事。佛教神話裏面也有Naga（百頭巨蛇，中日翻譯為「龍族」或「龍神」）成佛的故事，龍女菩薩便是最具代表性的。。

[1] 北歐神話的Vidarr相當於印度神話的Vishnu；北歐神話原始巨人Ymir，對應印度的Yama、伊朗的賢王Jamshīd（Yima）、羅馬建城雙子(弟)Remus（古拉丁語*Yemos）。字根為"雙"、"對"，其中Yama有雙子的妹妹Yami，Remus有雙子的哥哥；Ymir與Remus都被殺害。Yama是印度神話中第一個人類，過世後也成為第一個到死後世界的人，因此在冥界稱王，也就是「閻王」。

[2] 佛教中的「魔王」，亦稱「天魔」，確實是來自天界（六欲天）的最高天他化自在天。一說(佛教)魔王就是愛神Kama的另一面。Kama的形象就是持弓箭的愛神，其實就是希臘愛神Eros與羅馬愛神Cupid的印度版。一般對於愛神的印象是拿弓箭的小朋友小天使，實際上從早期的希臘神話來看，Eros是四大原始神之一，掌管慾望與繁殖。（另外三尊為混沌Chaos、大地Gaia、深淵Tartarus。） 詳細可以參考：https://disp.cc/b/261-aRN2

[3] 印度神話跟希臘神話（以及其他神話）一樣，都有征服者（印歐民族）與當地原住民的神話混合。以希臘神話的奧林巴斯神來說，宙斯四姊弟都是印歐民族的神，而天后赫拉、戰略與智慧神雅典娜、月與狩獵神亞蒂米、信差赫米斯則是原住民的神。（太陽神阿波羅、軍神亞雷士、美神阿芙蘿地則是外來神明，如小亞細亞[安納多利亞]與西亞，這也是為何前兩尊在特洛伊戰爭裡支持位於安納多利亞的特洛伊。）

[4] 印度象頭神Ganesh的來源故事很多。常見的就如podcast中提到的：a. 大雪山女神（Parvati；烏摩Uma）在濕婆神遠出的時候覺得無聊寂寞所以自己捏了一個小孩出來，然後當濕婆回來正好妻子在洗澡，這時Ganesh出來擋住濕婆的去路，結果大打出手的結果就是Ganesh頭被砍下；或是

b. 當Ganesh出生的時候，夫妻兩人秀兒子給諸神看，當他們想秀給土星神（土曜）看結果被拒絕，因為土星神的眼睛有毀滅神力，但夫妻很堅持（大概認為自己的小孩很厲害不會受影響），所以當土星神瞄了一眼後，Ganesh的頭就煙飛灰滅了；

c. 同b，但夫妻兩人是邀請大家來兒子的誕生宴，唯獨土星神沒有受邀，於是土星神就過來看了一眼，小孩頭就落地了。（位受邀而自己跑來對小孩動手的故事類似歐洲的《睡美人》。

abc的結果就是濕婆發願出門第一個看到的動物就頭砍下來當兒子的頭；另有d. 濕婆夫妻兩人化身為大象時行房，生下來的小孩就是象頭人身。

※ 編輯: Ctea 時間: 2021-10-15 16:04:43 (台灣)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Empanda
In ancient Roman religion, Empanda or Panda was a goddess, or possibly an epithet of Juno.

via https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Red_panda&diff=1040989311&oldid=1038177327

※ 編輯: Ctea 時間: 2021-10-19 12:09:32 (台灣)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Norðri,_Suðri,_Austri_and_Vestri
Norðri, Suðri, Austri and Vestri

天空是Ymir的頭蓋骨做的，而這四名侏儒就負責在四個角落撐住天空。

 https://empiresandpuzzles.fandom.com/wiki/Nordri

 https://empiresandpuzzles.fandom.com/wiki/Sudri

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dáinn,_Dvalinn,_Duneyrr_and_Duraþrór
Dáinn, Dvalinn, Duneyrr and Duraþrór

#世界樹 #東南西北四矮人

※ 編輯: Ctea 時間: 2021-10-23 07:26:06 (台灣)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dökkálfar_and_Ljósálfar
Dökkálfar and Ljósálfar 黑暗妖精與光明妖精

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Svartálfar
Svartálfar 黑妖精/黑矮人

※ 編輯: Ctea 時間: 2021-10-23 07:28:37 (台灣)

https://www.ptt.cc/bbs/C_Chat/M.1616051111.A.94D.html

#希臘神話作為「文學創作」跟「信仰」的分界
#八仙呂洞賓
#阿波羅與月桂冠
#文明與部落互相征戰

※ 編輯: Ctea 時間: 2022-01-16 12:32:38 (台灣)

https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/morъ

via https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Morana_(goddess)#Names_and_etymology

 https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Morana_(goddess)&oldid=1063566426

from https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php...ff=69677691&oldid=68700101

#Mars字根 #死神 #斯拉夫 #死亡女神
#Yama #波蘭
※ 編輯: Ctea 時間: 2022-01-15 23:20:41 (台灣)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mrtyu

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mara_(Hindu_goddess)

https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=羅剎&oldid=67711336&variant=zh-tw

#字根 #死神 #Yama #Mara #死亡女神 #羅剎

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Death_drive
Death drive

#Eros & Thanatos #性慾與死亡

※ 編輯: Ctea 時間: 2022-01-20 01:25:59 (台灣)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mara_(demon)
Mara (demon) #天魔 #魔羅

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dievas
Dievas

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Māra
Māra

#立陶宛 #天神 #地母神兼地府神 #冥后 #死神 #Deva
#波羅的海Baltic Sea #普魯士

※ 編輯: Ctea 時間: 2022-01-23 02:11:02 (台灣)

https://zh.wikisource.org/zh-hant/海國四說
海國四說

#祆教 #波斯教

※ 編輯: Ctea 時間: 2022-01-25 13:12:46 (台灣)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ganesha_in_world_religions
Ganesha in world religions

Speculation related to Janus

via https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ganesha_in_world_religions&oldid=1060453630

#象頭神
My Notepad, [26/01/2022 22:39]
※ 編輯: Ctea 時間: 2022-01-27 02:19:27 (台灣)

https://www.google.com/search?q=site...p;sourceid=chrome&ie=UTF-8
site:zh.wikisource.org/ "胡神也" - Google Search

#祆教

※ 編輯: Ctea 時間: 2022-01-27 02:47:09, 14:03:54 (台灣)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gavaevodata

#祆教原始牛 #動物界的Ymir、Tiamat #身體被分割成為了牲畜

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Auðumbla

#北歐原始牛

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sacred_bull

#神聖的牛 #聖牛

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kamadhenu
Kamadhenu

#有翅膀的人頭牛 #財富牛 #印度教牛女神

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dema_Deity
Dema Deity is a concept introduced by Adolf Ellegard Jensen following his research on religious sacrifice. Jensen was a German ethnologist who furthered the theory of Cultural Morphology founded by Leo Frobenius.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hainuwele
Hainuwele, "The Coconut Girl", is a figure from the Wemale and Alune folklore of the island of Seram in the Maluku Islands, Indonesia. Her story is an origin myth.

#女神 #身體被分割成為了食物

※ 編輯: Ctea 時間: 2022-01-27 14:09:59 (台灣)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yamuna_in_Hinduism
Yamuna in Hinduism

#生命女神 #恆河上游 #Yami #Yama的雙胞胎

※ 編輯: Ctea 時間: 2022-01-29 06:00:03 (台灣)
※ 編輯: Ctea 時間: 2022-01-30 15:58:14 (台灣)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/H2éwsōs
Hausos

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mater_Matuta
Mater Matuta was an indigenous Latin goddess, whom the Romans eventually made equivalent to the dawn goddess Aurora, and the Greek goddess Eos.

via https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Proto-Indo-European_mythology&oldid=928402073

#拉丁女神 #Aurora相關

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ushas
Ushas

#戰車 #曙光女神 #金馬 #金烏鴉

https://www.google.com/search?q=vrit...p;sourceid=chrome&ie=UTF-8

※ 編輯: Ctea 時間: 2022-02-01 08:30:41 (台灣)

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/F...ei_Capitolini_-_MC1185_(2).JPG

via https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cardea

 https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Cardea&oldid=1061792233

#四季 #羅馬神話浮雕 #女風神

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Szélanya
Szélanya

#女風神 #風母 #突厥語

※ 編輯: Ctea 時間: 2022-02-03 04:42:13 (台灣)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rusalka
https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/ルサールカ

via https://twitter.com/AnCL_STAFF/status/1491291219439194113?t=8w1aMCROBRV8j-ex-Ly67Q&s=06
 #天使連結
via Hung
#斯拉夫水精 #水妖

※ 編輯: Ctea 時間: 2022-02-18 09:26:25 (台灣)
※ 編輯: Ctea 時間: 2022-02-25 14:57:10 (台灣)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amesha_Spenta

https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/アムシャ・スプンタ

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Daeva

 https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Daeva&oldid=1079838665

* Akoman of "evil thought" opposing Wahman/Bahman of "good thought" (Av. Aka Manah versus Vohu Manah)

* Indar that freezes the minds of the righteous opposing Ardawahisht of "best truth" (Av. Indar versus Asha Vahishta).

* Nanghait of discontent opposing Spendarmad of "holy devotion" (Av. Naonhaithya/Naonghaithya versus Spenta Armaiti)

#Ashvins

* Sawar/Sarvar of oppression opposing Shahrewar of "desirable dominion" (Av. Saurva versus Kshathra Vairya)

* Tauriz/Tawrich of destruction opposing Hordad of "wholeness" (Av. Taurvi versus Haurvatat)

* Zariz/Zarich who poisons plants opposing Amurdad of "immortality" (Av. Zauri versus Ameretat)

https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/ダエーワ#ヴェンディダードの7大魔王

* アカ・マナフ (Aka Manah) - アムシャ・スプンタのウォフ・マナフと対抗する魔王

* ドゥルジ (Druj)

* サルワ（サウルウァ） (Saurva) - フシャスラ・ワルヤと対抗する魔王。インド神話の暴風神ルドラ（別名サルワ、後の破壊神シヴァ）のゾロアスター教での姿

* タローマティ (Tarōmaiti) - スプンター・アールマティと対抗する魔王

* タルウィ (Taurvi) - ハルワタートと対抗する魔王

* ザリチュ (Zairic) - アムルタートと対抗する魔王

* アンラ・マンユ (Angra Mainyu) - 最高神アフラ・マズダーに対抗する、魔王の中の魔王

※ 編輯: Ctea 時間: 2022-04-18 17:30:37 (台灣)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louhi
Louhi

 https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Louhi&oldid=1081903111

As many mythological creatures and objects are easily conflated and separated in Finnish mythology, Louhi is probably an alter-ego of the goddess Loviatar.

 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Loviatar

See also: Laufey, the mother of Loki in Norse mythology

#女巫 #盲眼女神

※ 編輯: Ctea 時間: 2022-06-21 08:19:44, 08:21:49 (台灣)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interpretatio_graeca
Interpretatio graeca

希臘式的翻譯轉化

通過希臘〔模式〕的意義來解釋

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interpretatio_graeca#Greco-Roman_equivalents
希臘、羅馬、中東諸神性質對照表

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interpretatio_germanica
日爾曼釋義（Interpretatio germanica）是由日爾曼民族用日爾曼神靈的名號來識別羅馬眾神的做法。根據魯道夫· 西梅克所述，這是發生在西元一世紀左右的由兩種文化共同存在的時代，當羅馬文化與日爾曼文化進一步接觸的時間點。日爾曼釋義的一些證據存在於羅馬人有關有關一周七天的名稱之日爾曼語翻譯中。

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interpretatio_Christiana
Interpretatio Christiana

#基督教

https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/本地垂迹
本地垂迹

https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/神仏習合
神仏習合 / 神仏混淆

#神佛習合

※ 編輯: Ctea 時間: 2022-09-02 14:06:32 (台灣)
※ 編輯: Ctea 時間: 2022-11-28 21:59:12 (台灣)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Daitya
Daitya

https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/ホリカ
ホリカ（Holika）は、インド神話に登場するアスラ神族ダイティア族の神である。
[チャンピオンRED] [手塚治虫× 藤澤勇希× 柚木N’] 三つ目黙示録 ～悪魔王子シャラク～ 第015話 [2018-01]
※ 編輯: Ctea 時間: 2023-01-13 00:00:46, 00:01:26 (台灣)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medb

- 這起司絕對砸得死人（不知道能吃多久（[d]還是該吐槽又用難以理解的東西當比例尺

#4000磅 #接近兩公噸的起司 #芝士 #香蕉 #Medb #愛爾蘭神話
p56o4c #日記202301290034?
※ 編輯: Ctea 時間: 2023-01-28 22:27:59 (台灣)
※ 編輯: Ctea 時間: 2023-01-29 00:34:59 (台灣)
※ 編輯: Ctea 時間: 2023-01-30 02:33:23 (台灣)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barghest
In Northern English folklore, the Barghest or Barguest is a mythical monstrous black dog with large teeth and claws, though in other cases the name can refer to a ghost or household elf, especially in Northumberland and Durham, such as the Cauld Lad of Hylton.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Black_dog_(folklore)
The black dog is a supernatural, spectral, or demonic entity originating from English folklore that has also been seen throughout Europe and the Americas. It is usually unnaturally large with glowing red or yellow eyes, is often connected with the Devil (as an English incarnation of the Hellhound), and is sometimes an omen of death.

#英格蘭傳說 #神話 #精靈 #妖精 #バーゲスト #黑狗相關

※ 編輯: Ctea 時間: 2023-03-14 16:29:37 (台灣)

https://www.google.com.tw/search?q=s...p;sourceid=chrome&ie=UTF-8

https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Danu_(Asura)&oldid=857979367

#Danu #Tiamat #原水 #海水

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Danu_(Irish_goddess)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tethys_(mythology)#Tethys_as_Tiamat

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tiamat

※ 編輯: Ctea 時間: 2018-09-12 03:10:09, 03:11:07, 03:14:00, 03:14:41

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anu_(Irish_goddess)

In Irish mythology, Anu (or Ana, sometimes given as Anann or Anand) is a goddess. She may be a goddess in her own right, or an alternate name for Danu.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Danu_(Irish_goddess)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tuatha_Dé_Danann

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Danu_(Asura)

※ 編輯: Ctea 時間: 2019-05-19 03:18:33
※ 編輯: Ctea 時間: 2019-05-31 22:50:30

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Danu_(Irish_goddess)
Danu (Irish goddess)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Danu_(Asura)
Danu (Asura)

As a word for "rain" or "liquid", dānu is compared to Avestan dānu, "river", and further to river names like Don, Danube, Dnieper, Dniestr, etc. There is also a Danu river in Nepal. The "liquid" word is mostly neutral, but appears as feminine in RV 1.54.

※ 編輯: Ctea 時間: 2021-10-15 15:20:07 (台灣)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tuatha_Dé_Danann
Tuatha Dé Danann

 https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/F..._McManus_Galleries,_Dundee.jpg

#達娜神族 #達納神族

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Danava_(Hinduism)
In Hindu mythology, the danavas are a race descending from Kashyapa and his wife Danu, a daughter of the progenitor god, Daksha.

※ 編輯: Ctea 時間: 2023-03-20 16:02:14 (台灣)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Don_(river)
Don (river)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Danu
Danu is an ancient Scythian word meaning "river". The commonly proposed etymology of the names of the Danube River, Dnieper River, Dniester River, Don River, and Donets River.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deh₂nu
Deh₂nu

Deh₂nu- is a proposed Proto-Indo-European goddess of rivers based on the Vedic goddess Dānu, the Irish goddess Danu, the Welsh goddess Don and the names of the rivers Danube, Don, Dnieper, and Dniester.

 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Danu_(Irish_goddess)
 Danu (Irish goddess)

 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Danu_(Hinduism)
 Danu (Hinduism)

 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dewi_Danu
 Dewi Danu
 
※ 編輯: Ctea 時間: 2023-03-20 16:05:09 (台灣)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proto-Celtic_paganism#:~:text=From%20PIE%20*deywos%20('god%2C%20deity').
Proto-Celtic paganism - Wikipedia

#對照表

※ 編輯: Ctea 時間: 2023-03-30 03:51:16, 03:51:26 (台灣)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Durga

https://dic.pixiv.net/a/ドゥルガー

 https://www.pixiv.net/artworks/67120755

彼女の異名の一つに「チュンディー」があるがこれが仏教に取り入れられ、漢訳の際には「准胝観音」と表記された。

観世音菩薩がもつ相の一つであり、主要な変化身「六観音」の一尊である。

一方、女神としてのドゥルガー（突伽天女）の陰は薄い。

『大慈恩寺三蔵法師伝（慈恩伝）』によると、三蔵法師が仏典を求めて天竺（インド）を訪れた際、突伽（ドゥルガー）を崇拝する賊たちに襲われ、生贄用に殺されそうになったという。

カーリーに仕えたサッグ団を思わせるエピソードである。

 https://www.pixiv.net/artworks/26504459

 https://www.pixiv.net/artworks/7743236


[授けた存在]

[授けられた物]

破壊神シヴァ

トリシューラ（三叉戟）

維持神ヴィシュヌ

チャクラム（円盤）

水神ヴァルナ

羂索（投げ縄）

火神アグニ

槍

嵐神マルト

弓と矢筒

雷神インドラ

雷霆と騎像の鐘

死神ヤマ

杖

創造神ブラフマー

水瓶

太陽神スーリヤ

彼女の全身全ての毛穴に光

カーラ（時・死、の意）

剣と盾

乳海

装身具と衣類

工匠神ヴィシュヴァカルマン

手斧、様々な飛び道具、不壊の鎧

海

身につける萎れない蓮華の花輪、手に持つ蓮華

山神ヒマヴァット

様々な宝石、騎獣ドゥン

財神クベーラ

盃杯

この他にもバリエーションがあるようで、ヤマからは剣、クベーラからは棍棒、とする例もある。

 https://books.google.co.jp/books?id=...q=#v=onepage&q&f=false
#贈與武裝一覽
※ 編輯: Ctea 時間: 2023-06-26 18:55:51 (台灣)

https://dic.pixiv.net/a/准胝観音

 https://www.pixiv.net/artworks/49256462

ドゥルガーとの共通点として、

・「チュンディー（チャンディー）」サンスクリット文法上、名前が女性形である。
・多くの腕を持ち、それぞれの手に各種の武器や蓮華を持つ。

がある。

違う部分としては

・ドゥルガーはドゥンと呼ばれるライオンもしくは虎に乗っているが、准胝観音は騎獣を持たない。
・ドゥルガーはアスラ族と戦う軍神・武神としての性格が強いが、准胝観音はこうした説話を持たない。

多くの腕を持ち、それぞれに武器や蓮華を持つ、というのはドゥルガーや准胝観音に限った話ではない。
また梵名が同じでも性格付け・位置付けが全く異なるマリーチと摩利支天の例もある。

そのため陀羅尼の一つ「チュンダー陀羅尼」を擬人化・神格化した尊格とする異説がある。
実際、ヒンドゥー教において太陽神サヴィトリへの賛歌「ガーヤトリー・マントラ」が、女神ガーヤトリーとして擬人化された例がある。

※ 編輯: Ctea 時間: 2023-06-26 19:00:35 (台灣)

https://en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=Danube&rdfrom=danube

https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/déh₂nu
Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/déh₂nu

https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/dʰenh₂-
Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/dʰenh₂-

#多瑙河 #敦河 #屯河 #河神 #河之女神 #修羅女王 #原女神 #印歐 #流動 #水流
#日記 20230722下午
※ 編輯: Ctea 時間: 2023-07-23 00:22:07 (台灣)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vala_(Vedic)

 https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Vala_(Vedic)&oldid=1154319584

Vala (valá-), meaning "enclosure" in Vedic Sanskrit, is a demon mentioned in the Vedas, including the Rigveda and the Atharvaveda. Vala is attributed to be the son of Tvashtr and therefore the brother of Vrtra.

 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amano-Iwato
 https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/天岩戸 #天の岩戸

#Vritra的兄弟 #石窟 #洞穴 #天照大神躲起來

※ 編輯: Ctea 時間: 2023-07-27 11:32:25, 11:33:07 (台灣)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indra#Origins

 https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Indra&oldid=1166196728#Origins

Brave and heroic Innara or Inra, which sounds like Indra, is mentioned among the gods of the Mitanni, a Hurrian-speaking people of Hittite region.

※ 編輯: Ctea 時間: 2023-08-02 18:12:02 (台灣)

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BUIQAGqhSj0
Dyeus: The Indo-European Sky Father

#PIE原始印歐語言學發展 #可預測性的演變如p/f互換，像是father
Tag Added: 2023-12-18 16:47:29
※ 編輯: Ctea 時間: 2023-08-03 01:51:33 (台灣)

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Easter_Bunny_Postcard_1907.jpg

via https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ēostre#Connection_to_Easter_Hares

https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ēostre&oldid=1166393007#Connection_to_Easter_Hares

#復活節兔子

※ 編輯: Ctea 時間: 2023-08-03 15:05:16 (台灣)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greek_magical_papyri
Greek magical papyri

#希臘魔法草紙 #羅馬 #埃及Set

※ 編輯: Ctea 時間: 2023-09-07 06:10:00 (台灣)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Triad_(religion)

 https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Triad_(religion)&oldid=1166139718

A triad, in a religious context, refers to a grouping of three gods, usually by importance or similar roles. A triad of gods were usually not considered to be one in the same being, or different aspects of a single deity as in a Trinity or Triple deity.

Triads of three closely associated deities were commonly found throughout the ancient world, and in particular in the religious traditions of Ancient Greece and Egypt.

 https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Three_kings_or_three_gods.jpg

This part of a 12th-century Swedish tapestry has been interpreted to show, from left to right, the one-eyed Odin, the hammer-wielding Thor and Freyr holding up an ear of corn
#三位一體關聯 #分割自Triple Deity?
※ 編輯: Ctea 時間: 2023-09-07 18:35:46 (台灣)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Triple_deity
Triple deity

 https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Triple_deity&oldid=1154213130

In classical religious iconography or mythological art, three separate beings may represent either a triad who typically appear as a group (the Greek Moirai, Charites, and Erinyes; the Norse Norns; or the Irish Morrígan) or a single deity notable for having three aspects (Greek Hecate, Roman Diana).

#三神

※ 編輯: Ctea 時間: 2023-09-07 06:08:48 (台灣)

> https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php...tory&offset=&limit=500

https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php...1093991#List_of_triple_deities

via https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=The_Morrígan&oldid=1172031753

※ 編輯: Ctea 時間: 2023-09-07 18:38:19 (台灣)

: Moved from: https://disp.cc/b/261-8HyA

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_nP93FYkxGY
The Origins of Roman Religion Are MIND-BLOWING

by Gnostic Informant https://www.youtube.com/@GnosticInformant

#義大利半島古文明 #Pre-Roman 羅馬前歷史 #新石器時代 #羅馬神話 #考古

※ 編輯: Ctea 時間: 2023-10-04 15:45:56, 15:50:51, 15:52:22 (台灣)

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_nP93FYkxGY&t=901s

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samnites
Samnites

Jupiter
Mars
Minverva, Mother Godess

#三神一組 #三位一體

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silvanus_(mythology)
Silvanus #Pan #森林神

※ 編輯: Ctea 時間: 2023-10-04 16:04:19 (台灣)

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_nP93FYkxGY&t=1510s

Tinia / Deos
Uni / Juno
Minerva / Juno

#三神一組 #三位一體

※ 編輯: Ctea 時間: 2023-10-04 16:19:22 (台灣)

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_nP93FYkxGY&t=1523s

拜Medea

※ 編輯: Ctea 時間: 2023-10-04 16:20:33 (台灣)

> https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RLNQqQTxHvg&t=671s

https://www.google.com/search?q=Angw...GQBgg&sclient=gws-wiz-serp
Angwnis wikipedia - Google Search

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/*H₁n̥gʷnis
*H₁n̥gʷnis

#PIE原始印歐火神

> https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ncQUJEbpZ9k&t=4s

https://www.google.com/search?q="Maw...BkAYI&sclient=gws-wiz-serp

https://ru.wiktionary.org/wiki/marzo

https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Mars#Latin

*Māwortis

#戰爭與暴風神Marut

#Venus #Ushas #Eos #Lucifera

> https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RLNQqQTxHvg&t=1117s

https://www.google.com/search?q=Dweo...p;sourceid=chrome&ie=UTF-8

Dewonusos #Dis Pater #Pluto

※ 編輯: Ctea 時間: 2023-10-04 22:28:01 (台灣)

https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/File:Goddess_Kali.jpg

#Kali #12世紀雕像

via https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Kali#Etymology_1_2

※ 編輯: Ctea 時間: 2023-10-04 22:36:39 (台灣)

https://youtu.be/nqAWulPfGA0?si=83GkmTKfZUsR1X73
Indo-European Death and the Goddess of the Grave

by https://m.youtube.com/@Crecganford 

印歐死神與墳墓女神
創世雙子 了Yemo來造宇宙
宇宙是宏觀的人 人類是微觀宇宙
犧牲：將宇宙物質補回去宇宙
印歐宇宙觀Cosmology
胸部與靈魂
靈魂與人死後回歸宇宙

※ 編輯: Ctea 時間: 2023-11-01 12:19:08 (台灣)

> https://www.plurk.com/p/pdwerl
https://youtu.be/-y2jYmSvUlo?si=l-Vn8tKzF7LQWTnp

近東 中東 如何影響 印歐神話
美索不達米亞 希臘神話 Zeus宙斯

※ 編輯: Ctea 時間: 2023-11-01 12:23:47 (台灣)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turms

via https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mercury_(mythology)

 https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mercury_(mythology)&oldid=1181688132

Mercury did not appear among the numinous di indigetes of early Roman religion. Rather, he subsumed the earlier Dei Lucrii as Roman religion was syncretized with Greek religion during the time of the Roman Republic, starting around the 4th century BC. His cult was introduced also by influence of Etruscan religion in which Turms had similar characteristics.

※ 編輯: Ctea 時間: 2023-11-04 11:34:07 (台灣)

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PDnvs-9qN0E&t=2s
Romulus & Remus: A Proto-Jesus and an Ancient Creation Myth? - Crecganford

※ 編輯: Ctea 時間: 2023-11-05 03:26:30 (台灣)
My Notepad, [01/08/2023 13:29]
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minerva

 https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Minerva&oldid=1167754098#Etruscan_Menrva

Stemming from an Italic moon goddess *Meneswā ('She who measures'), the Etruscans adopted the inherited Old Latin name, *Menerwā, thereby calling her Menrva. It is presumed that her Roman name, Minerva, is based on this Etruscan mythology. Minerva was the goddess of wisdom, war, art, schools, justice and commerce. She was the Etruscan counterpart to Greek Athena. Like Athena, Minerva burst from the head of her father, Jupiter (Greek Zeus), who had devoured her mother (Metis) in an unsuccessful attempt to prevent her birth.

By a process of folk etymology, the Romans could have linked her foreign name to the root men- in Latin words such as mens meaning "mind", perhaps because one of her aspects as goddess pertained to the intellectual. The word mens is built from the Proto-Indo-European root *men- 'mind' (linked with memory as in Greek Mnemosyne/μνημοσύνη and mnestis/μνῆστις: memory, remembrance, recollection, manush in Sanskrit meaning mind).

The Etruscan Menrva was part of a holy triad with Tinia and Uni, equivalent to the Roman Capitoline Triad of Jupiter-Juno-Minerva.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Menrva

 https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Menrva&oldid=1163885759

Menrva (also spelled Menerva or Menfra) was an Etruscan goddess of war, art, wisdom, and medicine. She contributed much of her character to the Roman Minerva. She was the child of Uni and Tinia.

Although Menrva was seen by Hellenized Etruscans as their counterpart to Greek Athena, Menrva has some unique traits that make it clear that she was not an import from Greece.

Menrva seems to have been associated with weather phenomena. The Greeks never attributed an association with weather to Athena, making this another important difference between the two religious cults that demonstrates their separate characteristics.

#天氣

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tinia

Greek equivalent

Zeus
Roman equivalent

Jupiter
Egyptian equivalent

Amun

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uni_(mythology)

Greek equivalent

Hera
Roman equivalent

Juno
Hinduism equivalent

Shachi
Canaanite equivalent

Astarte

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etruscan_mythology
Etruscan religion

※ 編輯: Ctea 時間: 2023-08-01 14:09:19 (台灣)

https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Menrva&oldid=1163885759

Often, Menrva is depicted in a more essentially Etruscan style, as a lightning thrower. Martianus mentions her as one of nine Etruscan lightning deities. Depiction with a thunderbolt may be seen on later Roman coins of Minerva as well.

#天氣女神 #女雷神 #戰爭與藝術的女神 #智慧

※ 編輯: Ctea 時間: 2023-12-14 00:18:10 (台灣)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tinia

 https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Tinia&oldid=1189326916

He was the husband of Uni and the father of Hercle. Like many other Etruscan deities, his name is gender neutral.

The Etruscans had a group of nine gods who had the power of hurling thunderbolts; they were called Novensiles by the Romans. Of thunderbolts there were eleven sorts, of which Tinia wielded three.

#九雷神 #雷神群 #11種閃電雷霆 #性別中性的名字

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voltumna

 https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Voltumna&oldid=1079579137

In Etruscan mythology, Voltumna or Veltha was the chthonic (relating to or inhabiting the underworld) deity, who became the supreme god of the Etruscan pantheon, the deus Etruriae princeps, according to Varro.

He was the equivalent of the Roman Vertumnus.

#冥界神升格為主神

 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vertumnus

In Roman mythology, Vertumnus (Latin pronunciation: [wɛr'tʊmnʊs]; also Vortumnus or Vertimnus) is the god of seasons, change and plant growth, as well as gardens and fruit trees.

#季節 #果樹 #換季 #植物成長 #花園

= 分隔線 =

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hercle

 https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Hercle&oldid=1164858570

Hercle differed in many aspects from the Greek Heracles.

He seems to have enjoyed a special status in Italy in general.

In art, he is shown to be a defender of an unknown goddess against creatures on the other side of a human border, showing his status as a Liminal deity. In Etruria, he was also associated with running water. He was also the master of animals, the protector of flocks and herds, and of herdsmen.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liminal_deity

A liminal deity is a god or goddess in mythology who presides over thresholds, gates, or doorways; "a crosser of boundaries".
#門神相關 #界線 #門檻
※ 編輯: Ctea 時間: 2023-12-14 02:28:04 (台灣)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uni_(mythology)

She is often depicted with a goatskin cloak and sandals whilst holding a shield, similarly to Juno Sospita, wearing a bridal veil, or completely nude.

Livy states (Book V, Ab Urbe Condita) that Juno was an Etruscan goddess of the Veientes, who was adopted ceremonially into the Roman pantheon when Veii was sacked in 396 BC. This seems to refer to Uni. She also appears on the Liver of Piacenza.

 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Juno_(mythology)#Sospita

#盾牌 #婚紗 #全裸 #羊皮斗篷 #披風

※ 編輯: Ctea 時間: 2023-12-14 02:28:04 (台灣)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Novensiles

 https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Novensiles&oldid=1165850280

In antiquity, the initial element of the word novensiles was thought to derive from either "new" (novus) or "nine" (novem).

The form novensides has been explained as "new settlers," from novus and insidere, "to settle".

The enduringly influential 19th-century scholar Georg Wissowa thought that the novensiles or novensides were deities the Romans regarded as imported, that is, not indigenous like the di Indigetes.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Di_indigetes

In classical Latin, the epithet Indiges, singular in form, is applied to Sol (Sol Indiges) and to Jupiter of Lavinium, later identified with Aeneas. One theory holds that it means the "speaker within", and stems from before the recognition of divine persons. Another, which the Oxford Classical Dictionary holds more likely, is that it means "invoked" in the sense of "pointing at", as in the related word indigitamenta.

#九雷神 #新住民 #外來神明 #本土神明 #羅馬 #拉丁

※ 編輯: Ctea 時間: 2023-12-14 02:33:26 (台灣)
※ 編輯: Ctea 時間: 2023-12-18 16:47:29, 16:47:49, 16:48:05 (台灣)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indra

 https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Indra&oldid=1199954265

Indra as a deity had a presence in northeastern Asia minor, as evidenced by the inscriptions on the Boghaz-köi clay tablets dated to about 1400 BCE. This tablet mentions a treaty, but its significance is in four names it includes reverentially as Mi-it-ra, U-ru-w-na, In-da-ra and Na-sa-at-ti-ia. These are respectively, Mitra, Varuna, Indra and Nasatya-Asvin of the Vedic pantheon as revered deities, and these are also found in Avestan pantheon but with Indra and Naonhaitya as demons. This at least suggests that Indra and his fellow deities were in vogue in South Asia and Asia minor by about mid 2nd-millennium BCE.

※ 編輯: Ctea 時間: 2024-01-29 12:49:09 (台灣)

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rPav1aM2VjE
Ancient Roman Cults and Worship
#古羅馬宗教
※ 編輯: Ctea 時間: 2024-02-02 09:18:32 (台灣)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mars_(mythology)#cite_ref-13

 https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mars_(mythology)&oldid=1199389001#cite_ref-13

  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maruts

   https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Maruts&oldid=1189721218

In Hinduism, the Maruts (/məˈrʊts/; Sanskrit: मरुत), also known as the Marutagana and sometimes identified with Rudras,  are storm deities and sons of Rudra and Prisni. The number of Maruts varies from 27 to sixty (three times sixty in RV 8.96.8). They are very violent and aggressive, described as armed with golden weapons i.e. lightning and thunderbolts, as having iron teeth and roaring like lions, as residing in the northwest, as riding in golden chariots drawn by ruddy horses.

 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wild_Hunt

#Wild Hunt

※ 編輯: Ctea 時間: 2024-02-12 12:46:13 (台灣)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/*H₂epom_Nepōts
*H₂epom Nepōts

#Nechtan #Apam Napat #Neptune #水中火 #沼氣 #甲烷 #瓦斯 #水神

※ 編輯: Ctea 時間: 2024-02-18 09:25:28, 12:20:50 (台灣)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/*Welnos

 https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=*Welnos&oldid=1188716882

Welnos may have been a kind of benevolent sky father representing the night in contrast to Dyēus the aggressive day sky father.

He may have had a rivalry with Perkwunos similar to the rivalry between Perun and Veles.

via https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Veles_(god)

#Veles #Velos #Volos

※ 編輯: Ctea 時間: 2024-02-21 00:32:43, 00:33:22 (台灣)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Axe_of_Perun
Axe of Perun

via https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Perun&oldid=1206956407

#斧狀護身符

※ 編輯: Ctea 時間: 2024-02-21 02:01:36 (台灣)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yarilo
Jarylo (Cyrillic: Ярило, Ярила; Serbo-Croatian: Jarilo, Јарило; Belarusian: Ярыла), alternatively Yaryla, Iarilo, Juraj, Jurij, or Gerovit, is alleged East and South Slavic god of vegetation, fertility and springtime.

 https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Yarilo&oldid=1207931937

#春季神 #St. George

※ 編輯: Ctea 時間: 2024-02-21 02:06:51 (台灣)

https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Varuna&oldid=1206198424
Georges Dumézil (1934) made a cautious case for the identity of Varuna and the Greek god Ouranos at the earliest Indo-European cultural level.

The etymological identification of the name Ouranos with the Sanskrit Varuṇa is based in the derivation of both names from the PIE root *ŭer with a sense of "binding" – the Indic king-god Varuṇa binds the wicked, the Greek king-god Ouranos binds the Cyclopes. This derivation of the Greek name is now widely rejected in favour of derivation from the root *wers- "to moisten, drip" (Sanskrit vṛṣ "to rain, pour").[

※ 編輯: Ctea 時間: 2024-02-28 13:59:21 (台灣)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lugh

 https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Lugh&oldid=1210809999

In the past his name was generally believed to come from another suggested Proto-Indo-European root *leuk-, "flashing light", and since the Victorian era he has often been considered a sun god, similar to the Greco-Roman Apollo. However, the figure of Lugh in Irish mythology and literature seems to be a better match with a romanized god identified with Mercury, described by Julius Caesar in his De Bello Gallico.

There are serious phonological issues with deriving the name from *leuk-, notably that Proto-Indo-European *-k- never produced Proto-Celtic *-g-; for this reason, most modern specialists in Celtic languages no longer accept this etymology.

#發音

Lugh corresponds to the pan-Celtic god Lugus, and his Welsh counterpart is Lleu Llaw Gyffes. He has also been equated with Mercury.

= 分隔線 =

Sometimes he is interpreted as a storm god and, less often today, as a sun god.

Others have noted a similarity in Lugh's slaying of Balor to the slaying of Baldr by Loki.

Lugh's mastery of all arts has led many to link him with the unnamed Gaulish god Julius Caesar identifies with Mercury, whom he describes as the "inventor of all the arts". Caesar describes the Gaulish Mercury as the most revered deity in Gaul, overseeing journeys and business transactions.

St. Mologa has been theorized to be a Christian continuation of the god Lugh.

= 分隔線 =

The County of Louth in Ireland is named after the village of Louth, which is named after the god Lugh. Historically, the place name has had various spellings; "Lugmad", "Lughmhaigh", and "Lughmhadh"
#愛爾蘭 #地名
※ 編輯: Ctea 時間: 2024-03-15 14:15:05 (台灣)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brain_balls
n Irish history and legend, brain balls (Irish: liathróidí inchinne) are small stone-like balls claimed to have been made from the heads or brains of enemies. No examples that modern analysis confirms as human have survived.

#tathlumタスラム

※ 編輯: Ctea 時間: 2024-03-15 14:19:03 (台灣)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Solar_goddesses
#太陽女神
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sun_goddess_of_Arinna

 https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sun_goddess_of_Arinna&oldid=1110563401

The Sun goddess of Arinna, also sometimes identified as Arinniti or as Wuru(n)šemu,

The Sun goddess of Arinna was originally of Hattian origin and was worshipped by the Hattians as Eštan. One of her Hattian epithets was Wurunšemu ("Mother of the land"?).
#Hittie #西台 #西臺 #巨乳黃金雕像
※ 編輯: Ctea 時間: 2024-03-15 16:10:38 (台灣)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caladbolg

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Excalibur#Forms_and_etymology

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gáe_Bulg#Etymology

#Celt #Celtic #同字根同詞源Etymology
 #日記 
※ 編輯: Ctea 時間: 2024-03-16 21:01:00 (台灣)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Dagda

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Four_Treasures_of_the_Tuatha_Dé_Danann

#Dagda #Cauldron #四寶

※ 編輯: Ctea 時間: 2024-03-28 23:11:09 (台灣)

https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Cú_Chulainn&oldid=863767394

Cú Chulainn shows striking similarities to the legendary Persian hero Rostam, as well as to the Germanic Lay of Hildebrand and the labours of the Greek epic hero Heracles, suggesting a common Indo-European origin,^[10] but lacking in linguistic, anthropological and archaeological material.

via A. Häusler, Indogermanische Altertumskunde, pp.406-407, In: H. Beck, D. Geuenich, H. Steuer, Reallexikon der Germanischen Altertumskunde, vol. 15, 2000, pp.402-408)

※ 編輯: Ctea 時間: 2018-11-21 05:46:07

↑

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Connla

 https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Connla&oldid=1216026802#Versions_and_date

The tale of Connla shares many key aspects with stories from other traditions.

In the Greek story of Theseus the hero is also born of an irregular union and raised by his mother in a far-off place. When of a similar stature to his unknown father he must take certain tokens left and set out to claim his birthright. He then combats with a series of opponents before meeting his father, Aegeus, and being recognised. A later unknowing father-son element in the story occurs when he returns from Crete, having killed the Minotaur, and the failure to reveal himself leads to the father's death.

There are also strong similarities with the lost Greek epic poem the Telegony were father and son fight. In its surviving summary, found in the "Chrestomathy of Proclus", it is the unrecognised father rather than the son that is killed in combat. Telegonus, the son seeking his father, born of a woman in foreign lands (to the enchantress Circe), after travelling as a stranger to his paternal land, inadvertently fights and kills his father Odysseus. This he does with a lance tipped with the venomous spine of a stingray which could stand, as argued by Edward Petit, as the inspiration for the deadly Gáe Bulg of Cú Chulainn made from the bone of a sea monster, the Curruid. Again there is a scene as Odysseus lies dying, when he and Telegonus recognize one another, and in this case the son Telegonus laments his mistake.

The story also closely resembles the tenth-century tale of Rostam and Sohrab from the Iranian epic the Shahnameh; with an unknowing father-son in a closely matched wrestling duel in which the son is killed, a jewel token-memento and in some versions the use of a poisoned weapon as option of last resort.

This in turn probably derives from the story of Babruvahana, son of Arjuna, in the Mahabharata part of the Indic epic tradition, with an unknowing father-son duel, a jewel-memento, the use of a divine weapon, the Pashupatastra, which cannot be resisted and is not to be used against lesser enemies, and particular to these two stories a following-a-horse element.

#親子互殺

※ 編輯: Ctea 時間: 2024-03-29 00:12:43 (台灣)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ethniu
In Irish mythology, Ethniu (Old Irish pronunciation: [ˈeθʲnʲu]), or Eithne (Modern Irish pronunciation: [ˈɛhnʲə]) in modern spelling, is the daughter of the Fomorian leader Balor, and the mother of Lugh. She is also referred to as Ethliu (modern Eithle).

#Ethne

via https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=The_Four_Feathers_(2002_film)&oldid=1206742892
#四根羽毛 #Lugh的媽
※ 編輯: Ctea 時間: 2024-03-29 01:20:46 (台灣)

https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ethniu&oldid=1187268302

Her union with Lugh's father, Cian (Cían) of the Tuatha Dé Danann, is presented in early texts as a simple dynastic marriage, but later folklore preserves a more involved tale, similar to the birth of Perseus in Greek mythology. A folktale recorded John O'Donovan in 1835 tells how Balor, in an attempt to avoid a druid's prophecy that he will be killed by his own grandson, imprisons Ethniu in a tower on Tory Island away from all contact with men.

※ 編輯: Ctea 時間: 2024-03-29 01:21:55 (台灣)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gwenhwyfach
Gwenhwyfach (Middle Welsh: Gwenhwyvach, Middle Welsh: Gwenhwywach, or Middle Welsh: Gwenhwyach; sometimes anglicized to Guinevak) was a sister of Gwenhwyfar (Guinevere) in medieval Welsh Arthurian legend. The tradition surrounding her is preserved in fragmentary form in two Welsh Triads and the Mabinogi tale of Culhwch and Olwen.
#亞瑟王 #關妮薇的姊妹
※ 編輯: Ctea 時間: 2024-04-02 04:02:12 (台灣)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medb

 https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Medb&oldid=1216630216

Tomás Ó Máille was the first to suggest in 1928, that Medb is probably an allegorical figure representing the sovereignty of Connacht, "whom a king would ritually marry as part of his inauguration."
#手扶下顎/拖著下巴 #比喻性的角色 #主權女神 #掌權者須與女神結婚 #結盟 #戰士女王
Miosgán Médhbh (Medb's cairn) at Knocknarea

 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Miosgán_Meadhbha

 Meadhbh is a queen of Connacht in Irish mythology, who is believed to have originally been a sovereignty goddess.

via https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/King_Arthur_(2004_film)

 https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php...c_versus_traditional_portrayal

Guinevere's warrior persona is closer to the ancient Queen Medb (romanticised above) of the Irish Táin Bó Cúailnge than the Guinevere of Arthurian legend. By J.C. Leyendecker, 1916

※ 編輯: Ctea 時間: 2024-04-02 04:05:48 (台灣)
※ 編輯: Ctea 時間: 2024-06-11 23:48:26 (台灣)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laverna
In Roman mythology, Laverna was a goddess of thieves, cheats and the underworld. She was propitiated by libations poured with the left hand. The poet Horace and the playwright Plautus called her a goddess of thieves. In Rome, her sanctuary was near the Porta Lavernalis.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proserpina

an ancient Roman goddess whose iconography, functions and myths are virtually identical to those of Greek Persephone. Proserpina replaced or was combined with the ancient Roman fertility goddess Libera, whose principal cult was housed in the Aventine temple of the grain-goddess Ceres, along with the wine god Liber.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pomona_(mythology)

Pomona (/pəˈmoʊnə/ , Latin: [poːˈmoːna]) was a goddess of fruitful abundance and plenty in ancient Roman religion and myth. Her name comes from the Latin word pomum, "fruit", specifically orchard fruit.

#羅馬神話 #冥界女神

※ 編輯: Ctea 時間: 2024-06-15 01:36:54 (台灣)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bona_Dea
Bona Dea (Latin: [ˈbɔna ˈdɛ.a]; 'Good Goddess') was a goddess in ancient Roman religion. She was associated with chastity and fertility among married Roman women, healing, and the protection of the state and people of Rome.

#羅馬神話 #好女神

※ 編輯: Ctea 時間: 2024-06-15 01:37:52 (台灣)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spes
Spes (Latin for "Hope") was worshipped as a goddess in ancient Roman religion. Numerous temples to Spes are known, and inscriptions indicate that she received private devotion as well as state cult.

#羅馬神話 #希望女神

= 分隔線 =

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salus

Salus (Latin: salus, "safety", "salvation", "welfare") was the Roman goddess of safety and well-being (welfare, health and prosperity) of both the individual and the state. She is sometimes equated with the Greek goddess Hygieia, though their functions differ considerably.

#羅馬神話 #福祉女神

※ 編輯: Ctea 時間: 2024-06-15 01:40:17 (台灣)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Roman_religion

via https://disp.cc/b/261-dFnk

#羅馬神話
#抽象概念之神
※ 編輯: Ctea 時間: 2024-06-15 01:43:16 (台灣)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Feronia_(mythology)
Feronia (mythology)

In Etruscan and Sabine religion, Feronia was a goddess associated with wildlife, fertility, health, and abundance, also venerated by the Faliscans and later adopted into ancient Roman religion. As the goddess who granted freedom to slaves or civil rights to the most humble part of society, she was especially honored among plebeians and freedmen. Her festival, the Feroniae, was November 13 (the ides of November) during the Ludi Plebeii ("Plebeian Games"), in conjunction with Fortuna Primigenia; both were goddesses of Praeneste.)

Note that the similar-sounding Feralia on February 21 is a festival of Jupiter Feretrius, not Feronia.

#羅馬神話 #野生

※ 編輯: Ctea 時間: 2024-06-15 01:45:53 (台灣)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tranquillitas
In Roman mythology, Tranquillitas was the personification of tranquility.

Tranquillitas seems to be related to Annona (the goddess of the corn harvest from Egypt) and Securitas, implying reference to the peaceful security of the Roman Empire. In the Roman context, the characteristics of Tranquilitas reflected the values at the heart of the Via Romana (the Roman Way) and are thought to be those qualities which gave the Roman Republic the moral strength to conquer and civilize the world.

#羅馬神話 #埃及 #玉米豐收女神

※ 編輯: Ctea 時間: 2024-06-15 01:48:05 (台灣)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bellona_(goddess)
Bellona (IPA: [bɛlˈloːna]) was an ancient Roman goddess of war. Her main attribute is the military helmet worn on her head; she often holds a sword, spear, or shield, and brandishes a torch or whip as she rides into battle in a four-horse chariot. She had many temples throughout the Roman Empire.

#羅馬神話 #女戰神

※ 編輯: Ctea 時間: 2024-06-15 01:49:58 (台灣)

Dea Dia (Latin: "Goddess of Daylight", or "Bright Goddess") was a goddess of fertility and growth in ancient Roman religion. She was sometimes identified with Ceres, and sometimes with her Greek equivalent Demeter.

#羅馬神話 #白晝女神 #光明女神

※ 編輯: Ctea 時間: 2024-06-15 01:52:09 (台灣)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bellerophon
Bellerophon

 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:B...nce,_2nd_to_3rd_century_AD.jpg

via https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chimera_(mythology)

#希臘羅馬神話 #Chimera #羽衣 #識馬者 #希臘英雄 #海神之子

※ 編輯: Ctea 時間: 2024-06-25 17:11:26 (台灣)

https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Odin&oldid=1237450276#Origin_and_theories

Under the trifunctional hypothesis of Georges Dumézil, Odin is assigned one of the core functions in the Indo-European pantheon as a representative of the first function (sovereignty) corresponding to the Hindu Varuṇa (fury and magic) as opposed to Týr, who corresponds to the Hindu Mitrá (law and justice); while the Vanir represent the third function (fertility).

Another approach to Odin has been in terms of his function and attributes. Many early scholars interpreted him as a wind-god or especially as a death-god.

He has also been interpreted in the light of his association with ecstatic practices, and Jan de Vries compared him to the Hindu god Rudra and the Greek Hermes.

※ 編輯: Ctea 時間: 2024-08-11 16:33:39, 16:35:57 (台灣)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cybele
Cybele

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kubaba_(goddess)
Kubaba (goddess)

via https://gundam.fandom.com/wiki/AMX-001_Prototype_Qubeley#Notes

※ 編輯: Ctea 時間: 2024-08-16 11:32:03, 11:32:48 (台灣)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Verethragna
Verethragna or Bahram (Avestan: 𐬬𐬆𐬭𐬆𐬚𐬭𐬀𐬖𐬥𐬀‎ vərəθraγna) is a Zoroastrian deity

The neuter noun verethragna is related to Avestan verethra, 'obstacle' and verethragnan, 'victorious'.

via https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vritra

※ 編輯: Ctea 時間: 2024-08-28 12:14:32 (台灣)

> https://www.plurk.com/p/mj4bzp

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/*Manu_and_*Yemo

 https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=*Manu_and_*Yemo&oldid=1179840728

*Manu and *Yemo were a duo in Proto-Indo-European mythology. In the creation myth, Manu kills Yemo as a foundational part of the origin of the universe. Yemo is sometimes also interpreted as a primordial hermaphrodite.

The comparative analysis of different Indo-European tales has led scholars to reconstruct an original Proto-Indo-European creation myth involving twin brothers, *Mónus ('Man') and *YémHos ('Twin'), as the progenitors of the world and mankind, and a hero named *Trito ('Third') who ensured the continuity of the original sacrifice.

Although some thematic parallels can be made with Ancient Near East (the primordial couple Adam and Eve), and even Polynesian or South American legends, the linguistic correspondences found in descendant cognates of *Manu and *Yemo make it very likely that the myth discussed here has a Proto-Indo-European (PIE) origin.
#比較表格 #偷東西的大蛇 #雙子 #雙胞胎 #第一個人類 #印歐神話
※ 編輯: Ctea 時間: 2023-10-14 13:34:49,  13:36:02 (台灣)

↑

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/*Trito
*Trito

 https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=*Trito&oldid=1236659592

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/*H₂n̥gʷʰis
*H₂n̥gʷʰis

#屠龍英雄 #Third

※ 編輯: Ctea 時間: 2024-09-09 02:03:02 (台灣)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Proto_Indo_European_mythology

 https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php...mythology&oldid=1185310245

 https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Proto-Indo-European_mythology&oldid=1243882965

※ 編輯: Ctea 時間: 2024-09-09 08:56:49 (台灣)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/*Dʰéǵʰōm

 https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=*Dʰéǵʰōm&oldid=1244248815

#地母神 #Mother Earth #Dark Earth #陰間Underworld

※ 編輯: Ctea 時間: 2024-09-09 08:57:14 (台灣)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/*Seh₂ul_and_*Meh₁not
*Seh₂ul and *Meh₁not

 https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=*Seh₂ul_and_*Meh₁not&oldid=1242193540

  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eye_of_Ra
  Eye of Ra

#日月 #太陽與月亮 #埃及神 #太陽神之眼

※ 編輯: Ctea 時間: 2024-09-09 08:59:37 (台灣)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Daeva

 https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Daeva&oldid=1243844243

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rudra

#Sarva

※ 編輯: Ctea 時間: 2024-09-11 01:23:36 (台灣)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/*Perkʷūnos
*Perkʷūnos

https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=*Perkʷūnos&oldid=1244404028

 Theonyms

  Old Norse:

   Fjörgyn, the mother of the thunder-god Thor, the goddess of the wooded landscape and a poetic synonym for 'land' or 'the earth',

= 分隔線 =

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perkūnas
Perkūnas

Perkūnas (Lithuanian: Perkūnas, Latvian: Pērkons, Old Prussian: Perkūns, Perkunos, Yotvingian: Parkuns, Latgalian: Pārkiuņs) was the common Baltic god of thunder, and the second most important deity in the Baltic pantheon after Dievas. In both Lithuanian and Latvian mythology, he is documented as the god of sky, thunder, lightning, storms, rain, fire, war, law, order, fertility, mountains, and oak trees.

#波羅的海

※ 編輯: Ctea 時間: 2024-09-17 02:43:22, 02:43:40, 02:52:34 (台灣)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karshvar
In the Avesta, reference is made to seven karshvar (Avestan: 𐬐𐬀𐬭𐬀𐬱𐬀𐬎𐬎𐬀𐬭𐬀‎, romanized: karšvar, lit. 'delineated land' > Persian: kišvar), climes or zones, organizing the world map into a seven-storied ziggurat representing the cosmic mountain. The world is referred to as the haft keshvar "seven climes". The word has also been translated as "region", "state" or "continent".

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Axis_mundi
In astronomy, axis mundi is the Latin term for the axis of Earth between the celestial poles. In a geocentric coordinate system, this is the axis of rotation of the celestial sphere.
#伊朗 #神山 #世界承軸
※ 編輯: Ctea 時間: 2024-10-11 04:42:16 (台灣)

https://zh.wikipedia.org/zh-tw/散脂大將
半支迦、訶黎帝坐像為犍陀羅藝術的代表作之一，證明了希臘美學對印度造型藝術之影響。這座雕像中訶黎帝所持的便是象徵豐收富裕的豐裕之角，而通常鬼子母神像是手持吉祥果的造型。

https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/パーンチカ
なおこの像は豊穣の象徴であるコルヌコピアをハーリーティーが持っている。一方、鬼子母神像の場合は吉祥果を持つのが一般的である。

#Horn of Plenty

※ 編輯: Ctea 時間: 2024-10-11 04:55:06 (台灣)

↑

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vajrapani

 https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Vajrapani&oldid=1242526692

 https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Buddha-Vajrapani-Herakles.JPG
 Vajrapāni as Heracles or Zeus, second century

https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/執金剛神

 https://ja.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=執金剛神&oldid=94730441

 https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Buddha-Vajrapani-Herakles.JPG
 ヘラクレスの姿形を取ったヴァジュラパーニ（左は仏陀。大英博物館）

#執金剛神 #大力士 #希臘文化 #印度 #美術 #佛陀 #護髮 #Gandhara #仁王

※ 編輯: Ctea 時間: 2024-10-11 04:58:52 (台灣)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laetitia_(goddess)
Laetitia, deriving from the root word laeta, meaning "happy", "glad", "lucky", "successful", "prosperous", "luxurious", "lush", or "abounding", was a minor Roman goddess of gaiety. Her name was used to mean happiness with prosperity and abundance. She is usually shown with greenery to depict the abundance of seasonal decorations that many sites would include. Wreaths of flowers or leaves are commonly worn at festivals or holy rituals, similarly Laetitia would be shown wearing a garland to mean celebration. She was sometimes depicted on Roman coinage with an anchor, as a representation of stability, or, like Fortuna, a ship's rudder symbolizing her guiding one to good fortune or prosperity.
#羅馬神話 #快樂女神 #好運
※ 編輯: Ctea 時間: 2024-10-31 03:51:44 (台灣)

https://greekreporter.com/2024/11/06/greek-god-dionysus-campaign-india/

Sir William Jones authored an essay on the gods of Greece, India, and Italy, suggesting “correspondences between

 Janus and Ganesha,

 Saturn and Manu or Satyavrata,

 Jupiter and Indra,

 Hermes and Narada,

 Ceres and Lakshmi, Dionysus and Rama,

 and Apollo and Krishna.”

As per Allan Dahlquist, author of “Megastenes and Indian Religion, A Study in Motives and Types”, Dionysus is related to “the non-Hindu Dravidian religion, as exemplified by the religion of the Kotas of South India and the Oraons and others in the Chota Nagpur-Orissa.”

Alternatively, Dionysus has also been connected to Shiva, the Hindu deity. Regardless of the theory to which one is partial or by which one is convinced, India and Greece have undoubtedly had an age-old connection thanks to the Greek god Dionysus. This remained so up until the time of the last classical Greek kingdom in the world, which was located in India.
#酒神 #不屬於印歐體系
※ 編輯: Ctea 時間: 2024-11-08 09:09:53 (台灣)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Culsans
Many Etruscan scholars are hesitant to fully equate Etruscan deities with other gods. For example, Erika Simon, while recognizing the value of making comparisons to non-Etruscan gods, stresses that Etruscan deities are rarely exact equivalents of a Greek or Roman deity. To avoid confusion she recommends using Etruscan forms of a divinity’s name to avoid making unwarranted assumptions.

In a similar vein, Adriano Maggiani points out that while myths and iconography frequently migrate from one culture to another, the meaning and connotations associated with those mythological images can be drastically altered to suit the needs of the culture that adopts them.

Nevertheless, a number of comparisons have been made between Culśanś and other foreign divinities.

#神話比較時應注意文化差異與在地化
#Janus  
※ 編輯: Ctea 時間: 2024-11-16 08:59:48 (台灣)

https://www.plurk.com/p/mk6r6e
我記得以前有聽過，羅馬人的祖先拜的很多神，都沒有...背景故事，後來羅馬人什麼都抄..呃，什麼都引進自希臘，所以引進希臘諸神的時候，就把"功能"/"執掌"最相近的給習合崇拜祭祀了。

又，因為希臘神明包括印歐移民、希臘原住民、其他地方（Thrace、近東、中東）的神明，所以故事雜亂到一種地步，因此他們有特別把希臘神話給整理過，因此希臘神話處處有矛盾的地方，到了羅馬這邊就比較少見了。

羅馬戰神Mars，其最原始根本應該對應到暴風神族Maruts，是Rudra（暴風神/季風神）的部將，而Rudra就是Shiva濕婆神的前身。

※ 編輯: Ctea 時間: 2024-11-18 02:57:03 (台灣)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aryaman

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Airyaman

https://en.m.wiktionary.org/wiki/آریامن

via https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adityas

In Hinduism, Adityas (Sanskrit: आदित्य, lit. 'of Aditi' IAST: Āditya Sanskrit pronunciation: [aːd̪ɪt̪jɐ]) refers to a group of major solar deities, who are the offspring of the goddess Aditi.

The name Aditya, in the singular, is taken to refer to the sun god Surya. Generally, Adityas are twelve in number and consist of Vivasvan (Surya), Aryaman, Tvashtr, Savitr, Bhaga, Dhatr, Mitra, Varuna, Amsha, Pushan, Indra and Vishnu (in the form of Vamana).

#印度 #波斯 #太陽神

※ 編輯: Ctea 時間: 2024-11-27 18:17:36 (台灣)

https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/アーディティヤ神群

アーディティヤ (梵: आदित्य　Āditya) は、古代インド神話における神々の集団の1つ。アーディティヤ神群と呼ばれる。女神アディティの息子たちとされ、古くはヴァルナ、ミトラを首領としていた。

『リグ・ヴェーダ』においてアーディティヤは本来は7神だったと考えられるが、8神としている箇所もある。ブラーフマナ以降は通常12神とされ、ヴァス8神・ルドラ11神とあわせて言及される。

※ 編輯: Ctea 時間: 2024-11-27 18:21:56 (台灣)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crom_Dubh

 https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Crom_Dubh&oldid=1264203044

Crom Dubh (Old Irish: [krom duβ], Scottish Gaelic: [kʰɾɔum t̪uh]; meaning "black crooked [one]"; also Crum Dubh, Dark Crom) is a mythological and folkloric figure of Ireland, based on the god Crom Cruach, mentioned in the 12th-century dinnseanchas of Magh Slécht.

via https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dullahan

Dubhlachan

 https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Dullahan&oldid=1255616567
#愛爾蘭 #無頭騎士 #黑精靈 #創造出來的 Fabrication
※ 編輯: Ctea 時間: 2024-12-23 03:34:29 (台灣)

https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Nuada_Airgetlám&diff=prev&oldid=1231691023

According to Ranko Matasovic, the etymology of the name is likely from Proto-Celtic ''*snowdo''- meaning "mist" or "haze" (related to Latin and Avestan "cloud"), but the formation is "pure conjecture" that relies on the Welsh form.

- Misinterpretation of Matasovic; Proto-Celtic initial sn- was preserved as such in Irish (but not in Welsh, where it became n-), so Old Irish Nuadu cannot come from this root

= 分隔線 =

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6OzN...k2SdhiOo0Z8TMIMJG&index=27
為諸神抵抗末日命運，毫不猶豫犧牲手臂！北歐獨臂戰神提爾【神話故事集】#25｜奇幻圖書館

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6OzNKnwuhPU&lc=UgzbpB0-cR6SUPt9s1N4AaABAg
「斷手主神」這件事情，印歐神話裡面比較有名的就是愛爾蘭神話的Nuada Airgetlám（銀臂努亞達）、威爾斯的Lludd Llaw Eraint / Nudd Llaw Ereint（銀手努德）

Tyr算是在Thor之前的阿薩神族主神（領袖），意思就是「天」，算是個稱號，類似同是印歐神話的神明*Dyēus（天）：之後演變出的印度Dyauspitr（天父）、希臘的Zeus Patēr（天父；宙斯）、羅馬的Jupiter （天父；尤比特）。

而Nuada原本也是主神/神王，結果在戰鬥的時候斷了一隻手臂，因「傷殘者不能為王」，所以就退了下來，之後獲得了銀手臂而回歸戰線，最後英勇戰死。

※ 編輯: Ctea 時間: 2025-01-08 23:04:32 (台灣)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Svetovit
Svetovit, also known as Sventovit and Svantovit amongst other variants, is the god of abundance and war, and the chief god of the Slavic tribe of the Rani, and later of all the Polabian Slavs.

His name can be translated as "Strong Lord" or "Holy Lord". In the past it was often mistakenly believed that the cult of Svetovit originated from St. Vitus. Among scholars of Slavic mythology, Svetovit is often regarded as a Polabian hypostasis of Pan-Slavic god Perun. His cult was destroyed in 1168

via https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brahma#See_also
 梵天 斯拉夫神明 
※ 編輯: Ctea 時間: 2025-01-15 14:03:49 (台灣)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Etruscan_mythological_figures
List of Etruscan mythological figures

※ 編輯: Ctea 時間: 2025-01-15 18:04:06 (台灣)

https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/wood#English

https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/forest#English

果然Wood是日耳曼字，Forest是拉丁字

※ 編輯: Ctea 時間: 2025-01-20 01:58:12 (台灣)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pashupati_seal

The Pashupati seal (also Mahayogi seal, Proto-Śiva seal the adjective "so-called" sometimes applied to "Pashupati"), is a steatite seal which was uncovered in Mohenjo-daro, now in modern day Pakistan, a major urban site of the Indus Valley civilisation ("IVC"), during excavations in 1928–29, when the region was under British rule. The excavations were carried out by the Archaeological Survey of India, the official body responsible for preservation and excavation. The seal depicts a seated figure that is possibly tricephalic (having three heads). The seated figure has been thought to be ithyphallic (having an erect penis), an interpretation that has been questioned by many, but was still held by the IVC specialist Jonathan Mark Kenoyer in a publication of 2003. The man has a horned headdress and is surrounded by animals. He may represent a horned deity.

It had been claimed to be one of the earliest depictions of the Hindu god Shiva—"Pashupati" (Lord of animals) being one of his epithets, or a "proto-Shiva" deity.
 updated by 4/26 19:31 
 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pashupati

 https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Pashupati_seal&oldid=1272790091

via https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ganesha

  https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ganesha&oldid=1274154795

#印度河文明 #封印 #Horned God 有角神 #動物神 #動物之主 #Ruddra #Proto-Shiva

※ 編輯: Ctea 時間: 2025-02-11 03:02:20 (台灣)
※ 編輯: Ctea 時間: 2025-02-11 08:29:38 (台灣)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dea_Matrona
In Celtic mythology, Dea Matrona ('Divine Mother') was the goddess who gives her name to the river Marne (ancient Matrŏna) in Gaul.

#聖母 #河神 #河川女神 #高盧

via https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Morgan_le_Fay

 https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Morgan_le_Fay&oldid=1276955330

※ 編輯: Ctea 時間: 2025-02-25 05:36:21 (台灣)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orcus
Orcus was chiefly worshipped in rural areas; he had no official cult in the cities. This remoteness allowed for him to survive in the countryside long after the more prevalent gods had ceased to be worshipped. He survived as a folk figure into the Middle Ages, and aspects of his worship may have been transmuted into the wild man festivals held in rural parts of Europe through the modern era. Indeed, much of what is known about the celebrations associated with Orcus come from medieval sources.

※ 編輯: Ctea 時間: 2025-02-26 11:37:41 (台灣)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Snow-White_and_Rose-Red#Gallery
Snow-White and Rose-Red

* Cupid and Psyche
  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cupid_and_Psyche 

* Beauty and the Beast
  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beauty_and_the_Beast

* Graciosa and Percinet
  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graciosa_and_Percinet

* East of the Sun and West of the Moon
  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/East_of_the_Sun_and_West_of_the_Moon
#北歐 #挪威
#童話

※ 編輯: Ctea 時間: 2025-03-27 21:59:33 (台灣)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radegast_(god)

Radegast or Radogost is, according to medieval chroniclers, the god of the Polabian Slavs, whose temple was located in Rethra. In modern academic literature, however, the dominant view is that Radegast is a local nickname or a local alternative name of the solar god Svarozhits, who, according to earlier sources, was the chief god of Rethra. Some researchers also believe that the name of the town, where Svarozhits was the main deity, was mistakenly taken for a theonym. A popular local legend in the Czech Republic is related to Radegast.

#中世紀 #中古世紀 #斯拉夫人 #主神 #捷克

※ 編輯: Ctea 時間: 2025-04-01 01:58:12 (台灣)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Underworld_goddesses
Category:Underworld goddesses

 Ereshkigal

 Hel

 Izanami

 Persephone

 Persipnei
 Etruscan
 Proserpina

#冥后 #冥界女神

= 分隔線 =

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sun_goddess_of_the_Earth

The Sun goddess of the Earth (Hittite: taknaš dUTU, Luwian: tiyamaššiš Tiwaz) was the Hittite goddess of the underworld. Her Hurrian equivalent was Allani and her Sumerian/Akkadian equivalent was Ereshkigal, both of which had a marked influence on the Hittite goddess from an early date.

In the Neo-Hittite period, the Hattian underworld god, Lelwani was also syncretised with her.

#大地的太陽女神 #冥界女神 #西台

= 分隔線 =

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Demeter

As an earth and underworld goddess

 https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Demeter&oldid=1279667708

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Mycenae_gold_ring.jpg
Drawing of a gold ring found at Mycenae showing a seated goddess bearing three poppy seedcases

【按】身為大地女神，與冥界（人死後埋入土裡）相關也很正常。

#希臘地母神

※ 編輯: Ctea 時間: 2025-04-01 02:14:41 (台灣)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Solar_goddesses

 天照大神

 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sól_(Germanic_mythology)
 Sól (Germanic mythology)

 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sun_goddess_of_Arinna
 Sun goddess of Arinna

 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nana_(Bactrian_goddess)
 Nana (Bactrian goddess)

 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marici_(Buddhism)
 Marici (Buddhism)

#太陽女神

※ 編輯: Ctea 時間: 2025-04-01 02:21:20 (台灣)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mater_Matuta
Mater Matuta was an indigenous Latin goddess, whom the Romans eventually made equivalent to the dawn goddess Aurora and the Greek dawn goddess Eos.

Mater Matuta was the goddess of female maturation, and later became linked to the dawn.

Her cult is attested to in several places in Latium; her most famous temple was located at Satricum.

※ 編輯: Ctea 時間: 2025-04-01 02:22:04 (台灣)

https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Marici_(Buddhism)&oldid=1255970713#Origins

She is also thought to have originated from the Vedic goddess Uṣas, the Vedic goddess of the dawn.[5] She also shares some similarities with Surya, the solar god.

In her martial or warrior depictions, she shares some similarities with Durga, as both appear with multiple arms carrying various weapons while riding an animal or chariot.

※ 編輯: Ctea 時間: 2025-04-01 02:23:19 (台灣)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rod_(Slavic_religion)
In the pre-Christian religion of Eastern and Southern Slavs, Rod (Slovenian, Croatian Bosnian: Rod, Belarusian, Bulgarian, Macedonian, Russian, Serbian Cyrillic: Род, Ukrainian Cyrillic: Рід) is the god of the family, ancestors and fate. Among Southern Slavs, he is also known as Sud ("(the) Judge").

via https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Rod
The god of the family, ancestors and fate in Slavic mythology.
#斯拉夫神明 #印歐神話 #家庭之神 #祖先之神 #命運之神 #創造神 #審判 #南斯拉夫 #東斯拉夫
※ 編輯: Ctea 時間: 2025-04-01 22:44:09 (台灣)

https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php...did=872898876#Societal_deities

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tuisto

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tvastar

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wayland_the_Smith

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hephaestus

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vulcan_(mythology)
https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Hephaestus&oldid=874797994

Through his identification with the Hephaestus of Greek mythology, Vulcan came to be considered as the manufacturer of art, arms, iron, jewelry, and armor for various gods and heroes, including the lightning bolts of Jupiter. He was the son of Jupiter and Juno, and the husband of Maia and Aphrodite (Venus). His smithy was believed to be situated underneath Mount Etna in Sicily.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Svarog #斯拉夫

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sethlans_(mythology)

#比較神話 #匠神

※ 編輯: Ctea 時間: 2018-01-11 20:28:57

↑

> https://disp.cc/b/261-hptr#:~:text=Weshparkar

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vishvakarma

Vishvakarma or Vishvakarman (Sanskrit: विश्वकर्मा, lit. 'all maker', IAST: Viśvakarmā) is a craftsman deity and the divine architect of the devas in contemporary Hinduism. In the early texts, the craftsman deity was known as Tvastar and the word "Vishvakarma" was originally used as an epithet for any powerful deity. However, in many later traditions, Vishvakarma became the name of the craftsman god.

via https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Weshparkar&oldid=1237426094

According to N. N. Negmatov, the inscription Veshparkar is a Sogdian translation of the Sanskrit word Vishvakarman and means “creator of everything”.

Veshparkar-Vishvakarman, depicted as a four-armed and three-headed man seated on a horse, was one of the three main objects of veneration in pre-Islamic Ustrushana.

The Ustrushan image of Veshparkara differs from the Hindu and Buddhist images of Vishvakarman more than the Penjikent image: many Indian beginnings have disappeared, it is not accompanied by a female face, it has fewer arms, there is no flame on the shoulders, and animal heads on the shoulders.

【按】Tvashtr早（吠陀時期）於Vishvakarma（印度教）

#工匠神 #Tvastar #Tvashtr #Tuisto

※ 編輯: Ctea 時間: 2024-09-28 13:53:03 (台灣)

↑↑

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vulcan_(mythology)#Hypothetical_origin

 https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php...1279364717#Hypothetical_origin

The origin of the Roman god of fire Vulcan has been traced back to the Cretan god Velchanos by Gérard Capdeville, primarily under the suggestion of the close similarity of their names.

Cretan Velchanos is a young god of Mediterranean or Near Eastern origin who has mastership of fire and is the companion of the Great Goddess. These traits are preserved in Latium only in his sons Cacus, Caeculus, and Servius Tullius. At Praeneste the uncles of Caeculus are known as Digiti, a noun that connects them to the Cretan Dactyli.

 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Great_Goddess#Hypothesis

 Great Goddess is the concept of an almighty goddess or mother goddess, or a matriarchal religion. Apart from various specific figures called this from various cultures, the Great Goddess hypothesis, is a postulated fertility goddess supposed to have been worshipped in the Neolithic era across most of Eurasia at least.

 Scholarly belief in this hypothesis has reduced in recent decades, though theological belief in a Great Goddess is common in the Goddess movement.

  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Goddess_movement

   https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Great_Goddess&oldid=1280170273#Hypothesis

    https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Venus_of_Moravany

  The Venus of Moravany. Venus figurines were among the earliest works of human culture and are widely hypothesized to have represented an epitome of femininity and fertility in the cultures that created them.
#大母神 #大女神假說 #女神運動 #女神浪潮
  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minoan_snake_goddess_figurines

   https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Minoan_snake_goddess_figurines&oldid=1277606942

  Fragmentary Snake Goddess icon from Cnossos, illustrated for the Outline of History by H. G. Wells
#蛇之女神
- 話說火山與雷霆的關係很合理，因為火山雲有時會造成雷雲。🤔

   https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Volcanic_lightning
   Volcanic lightning

    https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Volcanic_lightning&action=info

  via https://www.google.com/search?q=volc...p;sourceid=chrome&ie=UTF-8

#羅馬火神起源 #克里特神明假說

= 分隔線 =

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Velchanos

Velchanos, properly Welchanos (Ancient Greek: Ϝελχάνος, Welkhános), Gelchanos (Γελχάνος, Gelkhános), or Elchanos (Ελχάνος, Elkhános), is an ancient Minoan god associated with vegetation and worshipped in Crete. He was one of the main deities in the Minoan pantheon, alongside a Mother Goddess figure who appears to have been his mother and consort, with the two participating in an hieros gamos.
#Waw #Faf #G/w/影母互換 #GW變換 #植物神 #主神
※ 編輯: Ctea 時間: 2025-04-01 01:26:51, 01:36:18 (台灣)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vulcan_(mythology)

 https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Vulcan_(mythology)&oldid=1279364717

Through his identification with the Hephaestus of Greek mythology, Vulcan came to be considered as the manufacturer of art, arms, iron, jewelry, and armor for various gods and heroes, including the lightning bolts of Jupiter.

Vulcan為Jupiter打造閃電。

= 分隔線 =

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vishvakarma

 https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Vishvakarma&oldid=1281582922

Vishvakarma crafted all of the chariots of the devas and weapons including the Vajra of the god Indra

 https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/विश्वकर्मन्#Sanskrit

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tvashtr
Tvashtr

 https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Tvashtr&oldid=1274052857

Tvashtr (Sanskrit: त्वष्टृ, IAST: Tvaṣṭṛ) or Tvashta (Sanskrit: त्वष्टा, IAST: Tvaṣṭā) is a Vedic Hindu artisan god or fashioner. He is mentioned as an Aditya (sons of goddess Aditi) in later Hindu scriptures like the Mahabharata and Puranas, though his significance gets reduced. Tvashtr is sometimes identified with another artisan deity named Vishvakarma.

= 分隔線 =

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyclopes

 https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Cyclopes&oldid=1282930718

The names that Hesiod gives them: Arges (Bright), Brontes (Thunder), and Steropes (Lightning), reflect their fundamental role as thunderbolt makers.
#日輪  "wheel of the sun" #nasal orifice #起源 #大象類
= 分隔線 =

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taranis

 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taranis#Taranis_and_the_wheel_god

The wheel god (Radgott) is a figure of Celtic religious iconography, a god wielding a spoked wheel. The wheel god is often depicted with the attributes of Jupiter: thunderbolt, sceptre, and eagle. The spoked wheel was an important religious motif for the Celts. Metal votive wheels (known as rouelles are known from Iron Age Europe.

#雷神 #輪子神 #會說話的輪子 #克爾特文化 #象徵 #歐洲鐵器時代 #太陽神
#Wickerman 柳條人
※ 編輯: Ctea 時間: 2025-04-01 01:44:30 (台灣)

↑

https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Velchanos#Ancient_Greek
Ultimately from Ancient Greek Ϝελχάνος (Welkhános). Possibly cognate with Chania on Crete. Also compare Veles, a Slavic god of nature and the underworld.

#羅馬火神

※ 編輯: Ctea 時間: 2025-04-01 23:00:30 (台灣)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sigmund
Parallels to Sigmund's pulling the sword from the tree can be found in other mythologies (notably in the Arthurian legends). Also, Sinfjötli and Mordred share the characteristic of being nephew and son to the main characters. The gaining of mythical powers through a sword is also similar to the Norse god Frey.
#齊格飛的爸爸
※ 編輯: Ctea 時間: 2025-04-01 23:31:28 (台灣)
※ 編輯: Ctea 時間: 2025-04-02 01:27:14 (台灣)
※ 編輯: Ctea 時間: 2025-04-03 20:32:38, 20:36:30 (台灣)

https://harvardartmuseums.org/collections/object/200467
Standing Three-Headed Shiva | Harvard Art Museums

via https://www.google.com/search?q=Shiv...eid=chrome-mobile&ie=UTF-8
Shiva three heads Wikipedia

#三頭濕婆 #博物館/美術館

※ 編輯: Ctea 時間: 2025-04-05 19:35:33 (台灣)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hel_(mythological_being)

 https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Hel_(mythological_being)&oldid=1273220705

Scholarly theories have been proposed about Hel's potential connections to figures appearing in the 11th-century Old English Gospel of Nicodemus and Old Norse Bartholomeus saga postola, that she may have been considered a goddess with potential Indo-European parallels in Bhavani, Kali, and Mahakali or that Hel may have become a being only as a late personification of the location of the same name.

※ 編輯: Ctea 時間: 2025-04-05 21:53:49 (台灣)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zisa_(goddess)
Zisa or Cisa is purportedly a pagan goddess once worshipped in Augsburg. Some modern scholars consider the goddess to have been an innovation of the post-medieval period.

Jacob Grimm proposed that Zisa might be the consort of the god Tyr (in Old High German, Ziu). Grimm also suggested a connection between Zisa and the "Isis" of the Suebi attested by Tacitus in his 1st century CE work Germania based on the similarity of their names.

via https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Týr&oldid=1282184500
In Old Norse sources, Týr is alternately described as the son of the jötunn Hymir (in Hymiskviða) or of the god Odin (in Skáldskaparmál). Lokasenna makes reference to an unnamed and otherwise unknown consort, perhaps also reflected in the continental Germanic record (see Zisa).

Due to the etymology of the god's name and the shadowy presence of the god in the extant Germanic corpus, some scholars propose that Týr may have once held a more central place among the deities of early Germanic mythology.

#日耳曼人神話

※ 編輯: Ctea 時間: 2025-04-06 00:19:01, 00:19:23 (台灣)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuada_Airgetlám

 https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Nuada_Airgetlám&oldid=1279727356

He is also called Nechtan, Nuadu Necht and Elcmar, and is the husband of Boann.

 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nechtan_(mythology)

 Nechtan is a figure in Irish mythology who is associated with a spring marking the source of the River Boyne, known as Nechtan's Well or the Well of Wisdom.

 He was the husband of Boann, eponymous goddess of the Boyne. Nechtan is believed to be another name for Nuada.

 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuadu_Necht
  https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Nuadu_Necht&oldid=1177530086

 Sometimes the father of the druid Tadg mac Nuadat, whose daughter, Muirne, is Fionn's mother is mistaken as Nuadu Nect, when it is in fact Nuada Airgetlám of the Tuatha Dé Danann

 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elcmar
  https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Elcmar&oldid=1273732298

 In Irish mythology, Elcmar or Ecmar (modern spelling: Ealcmhar) is the husband of Boann and belongs to the divine Tuatha Dé Danann.

 It has been suggested that he is Nuada under another name, and he is sometimes confused with Nechtan, Boann's usual husband.

* British and Gaulish god Nodens,

* Welsh equivalent: Nudd or Lludd Llaw Eraint

Nuada's name is cognate with that of Nodens, a British deity associated with the sea and healing who was equated with the Roman Mars, and with Nudd, a Welsh mythological figure. It is likely that another Welsh figure, Lludd Llaw Eraint (Lludd of the Silver Hand), derives from Nudd Llaw Eraint by alliterative assimilation.

The Norse god Týr is another deity equated with Mars who lost a hand.

Sabazios is another Indo-European deity associated with a sacred hand.

= 分隔線 =

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mitra–Varuna

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mitra-Varuna_(Indo-European)

 https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php...did=1227872030#Binding_of_evil

Mitra-Varuna is a proposed deity or dyad of deities suggested to have existed in Proto-Indo-European religion and mythology. First proposed by Georges Dumézil, he considered it to have been composed of two distinct elements – Mitra and Varuna – this divine pair represented different aspects of sovereignty, with Mitra embodying reason, order, and benevolence, and Varuna symbolizing violence, darkness, and inspiration.

Binding of evil

Jaan Puhvel notes similarities between the Norse myth in which the god Týr inserts his hand into the wolf Fenrir's mouth while the other gods bind him with Gleipnir, only for Fenrir to bite off Týr's hand when he discovers he cannot break his bindings, and the Iranian myth in which Jamshid rescues his brother's corpse from Ahriman's bowels by reaching his hand up Ahriman's anus and pulling out his brother's corpse, only for his hand to become infected with leprosy.

In both accounts, an authority figure forces the evil entity into submission by inserting his hand into the being's orifice (in Fenrir's case the mouth, in Ahriman's the anus) and losing or impairing it.

Fenrir and Ahriman fulfill different roles in their own mythological traditions and are unlikely to be remnants of a Proto-Indo-European "evil god"; nonetheless, it is clear that the "binding myth" is of Proto-Indo-European origin.

Georges Dumézil sees this as a common myth of Mitra, and contrasting with the Eye loss myth of Varuna.

Culture

Mitra

Varuna
Norse Mythology

Tyr

Odin
Irish mythology

Nuada

Lugh
Roman mythology

Gaius Mucius Scaevola

Horatius Cocles
Hindu mythology

Mitra

Varuna
Greek mythology

Zeus

Ouranos

via https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Týr&oldid=1284541366#See_also

#dyad二元一對

= 分隔線 =

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apollonian_and_Dionysian
The Apollonian and the Dionysian are philosophical and literary concepts represented by a duality between the figures of Apollo and Dionysus from Greek mythology.

via https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php...did=1227872030#Binding_of_evil

※ 編輯: Ctea 時間: 2025-04-08 15:54:35 (台灣)

↑

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fenrir

 https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Fenrir&oldid=1284019939

Indo-European parallels have been proposed between myths of Fenrir and the Persian demon Ahriman. The Yashts refer to a story where Taxma Urupi rode Angra Mainyu as a horse for thirty years. An elaboration of this allusion is found only in a late Parsi commentary. The ruler Taxmoruw (Taxma Urupi) managed to lasso Ahriman (Angra Mainyu) and keep him tied up while taking him for a ride three times a day. After thirty years, Ahriman outwitted and swallowed Taxmoruw. In a sexual encounter with Ahriman, Jamshid, Taxmoruw's brother, inserted his hand into Ahriman's anus and pulled out his brother's corpse. His hand withered from contact with the diabolic innards. The suggested parallels with Fenrir myths are the binding of an evil being by a ruler figure and the subsequent swallowing of the ruler figure by the evil being (Odin and Fenrir), trickery involving the thrusting of a hand into a monster's orifice and the affliction of the inserted limb (Týr and Fenrir).

#主神被吞

※ 編輯: Ctea 時間: 2025-04-08 15:56:45 (台灣)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Proto_Indo_European_mythology
Proto-Indo-European mythology

#印歐神話一覽

※ 編輯: Ctea 時間: 2025-04-08 16:04:04 (台灣)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/*Trito

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chaoskampf

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/*H₂n̥gʷʰis

#印歐傳說第一位戰士 #第一位英雄 #斬蛇神話 #屠龍神話 #魔龍 #巨蛇

※ 編輯: Ctea 時間: 2025-04-08 16:05:08 (台灣)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/*Ḱérberos
The mytheme possibly stems from an older Ancient North Eurasian belief, as evidenced by similar motifs in Native American and Siberian mythology, in which case it might be one of the oldest mythemes recoverable through comparative mythology

The King of the Otherworld may have been Yemo, the sacrificed twin of the creation myth, as suggested by the Indo-Iranian and, to a lesser extent, by the Germanic, Greek and Celtic traditions.

#冥狗 #閻王 #北美 #原住民

※ 編輯: Ctea 時間: 2025-04-08 16:06:22 (台灣)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/*Dʰéǵʰōm
*Dʰéǵʰōm (Proto-Indo-European: *dʰéǵʰōm or *dʰǵʰōm; lit. 'earth'), or *Pl̥th₂éwih₂ (PIE: *pl̥th₂éwih₂, lit. the 'Broad One'), is the reconstructed name of the Earth-goddess in the Proto-Indo-European mythology.

#地母 #大地女神 #Dark Earth

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/*H₁n̥gʷnis

#Agnis #火神

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/*Péh₂usōn

Equivalents

Greek

Hermes (most aspects), Pan (some aspects) see §  Pan and Hermes for more info

Hindu

Pushan

Roman

Mercury (most aspects), Faunus (some aspects) see §  Pan and Hermes for more info

#守護者 #旅人

※ 編輯: Ctea 時間: 2025-04-08 16:09:32 (台灣)

https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Proto-Indo-European_mythology&oldid=1284380537

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proto-Indo-European_mythology#Smith_god

Nonetheless, two motifs recur frequently in Indo-European traditions: the making of the chief god's distinctive weapon (Indra's and Zeus' bolt; Lugh's and Odin's spear and Thor's hammer) by a special artificer, and the craftsman god's association with the immortals' drinking.

#工匠神 #社會

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proto-Indo-European_mythology#Water_deities
Donbettyr ("Water-Peter"),

#水神

※ 編輯: Ctea 時間: 2025-04-08 16:10:45 (台灣)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proto-Indo-European_mythology#Love_goddess

 Mater Verborum

#愛神

※ 編輯: Ctea 時間: 2025-04-08 17:09:00 (台灣) H
※ 編輯: Ctea 時間: 2025-04-08 19:05:27 (台灣)

https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Vesta
From Middle English Vesta, from Latin Vesta, related to Ancient Greek ἑστία (hestía, “to dwell”) and Ἑστία (Hestía, “Hestia”), all from Proto-Indo-European *h₂wes-; see also Old High German and Old English wesan (“to be”), Gothic wisan, Sanskrit वसति (vasati, “abide dwell”).

#印歐詞彙 #灶神

※ 編輯: Ctea 時間: 2025-04-08 20:27:14 (台灣)

https://www.plurk.com/p/3gpxylrwfr?r=634451203648765
因為講到星座、阿公阿媽的生肖，我講到龍蛇一個百頭蛇眼鏡蛇，另一個蟒蛇而且是大蟒蛇，我媽還問大舅是哪種蛇w
- 龍族都會顧財寶
  印度的百頭蛇也會
  應該是印歐民族的傳說

- 喔喔 就像尼伯龍的指環也是

  印度的白人吧 亞利安人


- 對呀

  其實亞利安好像只算伊朗那邊的（Iran就是亞利安的意思）

- 因為以前課本都這樣教
by Mom #日記
- 亞利安記得主要是算印度伊朗那邊的

※ 編輯: Ctea 時間: 2025-04-13 13:50:38 (台灣)
※ 編輯: Ctea 時間: 2025-04-13 14:17:28 (台灣)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arianrhod

The sky and the stars
Member of Three Beautiful Maidens of Britain

Arianrhod (Welsh pronunciation: [arˈjanr̥ɔd]) is a figure in Welsh mythology who plays her most important role in the Fourth Branch of the Mabinogi. She is the daughter of Dôn and the sister of Gwydion and Gilfaethwy; the Welsh Triads give her father as Beli Mawr.

In the Mabinogi her uncle Math ap Mathonwy is the King of Gwynedd, and during the course of the story she gives birth to two sons, Dylan ail Don and Lleu Llaw Gyffes, through magical means.

The name "Arianrhod" (from the Welsh arian, "silver," and rhod, "wheel") may be cognate with Proto-Celtic *Arganto-rotā, meaning "silver wheel." Alternatively, the earliest form of the name may have been Aranrot, in which case the first part of the name would be related to "Aran," a word with uncertain meaning, "but 'huge', 'round' or 'humped' would all be possible interpretations."

#天空與諸星的女神 #銀盤 #銀輪 #夜空與星空 #不列顛的美麗少女

※ 編輯: Ctea 時間: 2025-04-13 14:25:58 (台灣)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tahmuras

 https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php...as,_as_told_in_a_Parsi_Rivayāt

 Taxmoruw (Tahmures)

 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tower_of_Silence

 A dakhma (Persian: دخمه), otherwise referred to as Tower of Silence (Persian: برجِ خاموشان), is a circular, raised structure built by Zoroastrians for excarnation (that is, the exposure of human corpses to the elements with the purpose to enable their decomposition), in order to avoid contamination of the soil and other natural elements by the decomposing dead bodies.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teimuraz_(name)
Teimuraz (Georgian: თეიმურაზ, also spelled Teymuraz, Taimuraz or Taymuraz) is a Georgian male name which derives from the Persian Tahmuras, a figure in Iranian mythology who appears as the "third shah of the world" in Ferdowsi’s Shahnameh.

#伊朗賢王 #有色笑話般的神話 #牛尿治療 #寧靜之塔 #天葬之塔 #波斯語言 #喬治亞名字

※ 編輯: Ctea 時間: 2025-04-14 23:51:14 (台灣)
※ 編輯: Ctea 時間: 2025-04-18 22:21:50 (台灣)

https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ymir&oldid=1285355529

(...); and the 10th century BCE Old Indic Purusha sukta from the Rig Veda, which describes how the primeval man Purusha was dissected; from his eye comes the sun, from his mouth fire, from his breath wind, from his feet the earth, and so on. Among surviving sources, Adams and Mallory summarize that "the most frequent correlations, or better, derivations, are the following: Flesh = Earth, Bone = Stone, Blood = Water (the sea, etc.), Eyes = Sun, Mind = Moon, Brain = Cloud, Head = Heaven, Breath = Wind".

#Ymir #北歐Nordic #印度 #支解造世界

※ 編輯: Ctea 時間: 2025-04-19 01:12:21 (台灣)

> http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mitra–Varuna
> Varuna - 黑夜 - 秩序 - 司法 - 正義 - 天空 -  水  - 天海 - 冥府
> Mitra  - 白晝 - 友愛 - 契約 - 真理 - 友情 - 牲畜 - 誓約 - 日光

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mitra–Varuna
Mitra and Varuna (Sanskrit: mitrā́váruṇā) are two deities frequently referred to in the ancient Indian scripture of the Rigveda.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mitra-Varuna_(Indo-European)
Mitra-Varuna is a proposed deity or dyad of deities suggested to have existed in Proto-Indo-European religion and mythology. First proposed by Georges Dumézil, he considered it to have been composed of two distinct elements – Mitra and Varuna – this divine pair represented different aspects of sovereignty, with Mitra embodying reason, order, and benevolence, and Varuna symbolizing violence, darkness, and inspiration.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mitra_(Hindu_god)

 https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mitra_(Hindu_god)&oldid=1278922292

God of friendship, oaths and the morning sun

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Varuna

 https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Varuna&oldid=1285835132

God of Sky, Order, Truth, Water and Magic

※ 編輯: Ctea 時間: 2025-04-19 01:28:51 (台灣)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukko
Ukko (Finnish: [ˈukːo]),Äijä [ˈæi̯jæ] or Äijö [ˈæi̯jø] (Finnish for 'male grandparent', 'grandfather', 'old man'),[3][4] parallel to Uku in Estonian mythology, is the god of the sky, weather, harvest, and thunder across Finnic paganism.

via https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perun#The_cult_of_Perun_among_neighboring_tribes

 https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php...Perun_among_neighboring_tribes

- 看來也是個稱號。

#祖父神 #老人 #阿公神 #愛沙尼亞 #波羅的海 #芬蘭 #雷神

※ 編輯: Ctea 時間: 2025-04-19 01:35:40 (台灣)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ashvins

 https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ashvins&oldid=1276643170

The Ashvins are an instance of the Indo-European divine horse twins

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Divine_twins
Divine twins

#神聖雙胞胎 #建築 #盾牌徽章 #雙馬童

※ 編輯: Ctea 時間: 2025-04-19 02:17:17 (台灣)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zorya
Zorya

 https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Две_Зари.png

 https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Zorya&oldid=1280459582

https://americangods.fandom.com/wiki/Zorya#"The_Secret_of_Spoons"

https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/зоря

※ 編輯: Ctea 時間: 2025-04-19 06:47:52 (台灣)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zorya

 https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Zorya&oldid=1280459582

According to scholarship, Lithuanian folklore attests a similar dual role for luminous deities Vakarine and Ausrine: Vakarine, the Evening Star, made the bed for solar goddess Saulė, and Aušrinė, the Morning Star, lit the fire for her as she prepared for another day's journey. In other accounts, Ausrine and Vakarine are said to be daughters of the female Sun (Saule) and male Moon (Meness), and they tend their mother's palace and horses.

#女性太陽 #男性月亮

※ 編輯: Ctea 時間: 2025-04-19 20:40:17 (台灣)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parjanya
Parjanya (Sanskrit: पर्जन्य, IAST: parjánya) according to the Vedas is a deity of rain, thunder, lightning, and the one who fertilizes the earth.

It is another epithet of Indra, the Vedic deity of the sky and heaven.

via https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perkwunos
雨神 天氣神  
※ 編輯: Ctea 時間: 2025-04-19 21:24:05 (台灣)

https://dic.pixiv.net/a/マルト神群

 https://www.pixiv.net/artworks/16708420

暴風雨に伴う強風や雷光が神格化された神々であり、雷霆神インドラに仕える。英語では『マルタス（Marutas）』と読む。

兄弟であるが、みな同時に生まれており、双子のような存在と言える。

老いることなく成長だけする常若にして強壮なる神々。

鉄の歯と、太陽か炎のように輝かしい体躯を持ち、ライオンの如く雄たけびをあげる。

黄金の装飾品で、女性のようにきらびやかに着飾る。

彼らは一人の女神ローダシー（Rodasi）を妻とする。T・H・グリフィスによる英訳ではローダシーという語がある部分が「稲妻（lightning ）」と訳されている。彼女自身も嵐にまつわる自然現象がイメージ源になっているのだろう。

稲妻を手にとり、駿馬に引かせた戦車（チャリオット）を乗って駆け巡る。

軍神として戦勝と戦利品だけでなく、雨による豊穣、そこから発展した子孫繁栄も神徳としている。

ルドラの息子である事から「ルドラ神群（ルドラたち）」とも呼ばれ、『バガヴァッド・ギーター』ではルドラと同一視されるシャンカラ（シヴァ）が代表的存在として挙げられている。

 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shankara 

  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shiva#:~:text=Shankara

via https://dic.pixiv.net/a/摩利支天
摩利支天

 https://www.pixiv.net/artworks/48231963

 https://www.pixiv.net/artworks/5859043

マリーチ（「光線」の意）という梵名を持つが、インド神話に彼女に対応する神は存在しない。同名の神はいるが、こちらは男神で、マルト神群（嵐の神々）の一柱。

from https://dic.pixiv.net/a/戦神

#Maruts

※ 編輯: Ctea 時間: 2025-04-20 22:04:26 (台灣)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Balor

 https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Balor&oldid=1260212905

Some have interpreted Balor as symbolizing a solar deity of the old year, struggling with the solar god of the new year, namely Lugh.

Both Ó hÓgáin and Máire MacNeill believe that Lugh's slaying of Balor was originally a harvest myth associated with the festival of Lughnasa and the later tale of Saint Patrick overcoming Crom Dubh.

Ó hÓgáin also believes that the hero Fionn's conflict with figures named Goll (meaning "one-eyed"), Áed (meaning "fire") and Aillen (the burner) stems from Lugh's conflict with Balor.
 新舊太陽 太陽的壞處 熱死 乾旱 基督教 天主教 聖人 聖徒 
※ 編輯: Ctea 時間: 2025-04-21 04:41:15, 04:48:17 (台灣)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bellona_(goddess)

Bellona (IPA: [bɛlˈloːna]) was an ancient Roman goddess of war. Her main attribute is the military helmet worn on her head; she often holds a sword, spear, or shield, and brandishes a torch or whip as she rides into battle in a four-horse chariot. She had many temples throughout the Roman Empire.

via https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valkyrie#Old_English_attestations

In the manuscript Cotton Cleopatra A. iii, wælcyrge is also used to gloss the Roman goddess Bellona.

#羅馬女戰神

※ 編輯: Ctea 時間: 2025-04-24 00:22:16 (台灣)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Śuri#Norse_mythology

Śuri (Etruscan: 𐌉𐌛𐌖𐌑, lit. 'black'), Latinized as Soranus, was an ancient Etruscan infernal, volcanic and solar fire god, also venerated by other Italic peoples – among them Capenates, Faliscans, Latins and Sabines – and later adopted into ancient Roman religion.

 https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Chariot_fitting_Usil_Hermitage_GR-4876.jpg
#銅像有老二
冥神、火山神、太陽之火神 #Etruscan的九大雷神之一 #亦掌管健康與疾病 #某種方面類似阿波羅 #從右寫到左

 https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Śuri&oldid=1286331843#Norse_mythology

via https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Surtr&oldid=1276001304#Theories

Scholar Andy Orchard theorizes that the description of Surtr found in Gylfaginning "appears to owe something to biblical and patristic notions of the angel with a flaming sword who expelled Adam and Eve from paradise and who stands guard over the Garden of Eden."

Richard Cole draws a comparison between Snorri's depiction of the sons of Muspell and the Red Jews motif. Cole writes that "Snorra Edda is closer to the Red Jews motif than it is to Vǫluspá", pointing out many similarities between Snorri's narrative in his Edda and the Red Jews motif in which the Prose Edda differs from Völuspá

- 突然覺得地心冒險的作者是不是有看到相關文獻，不然怎麼能寫出冰島的火山地道通往義大利。w

   https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Journey_to_the_Center_of_the_Earth

    https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stromboli
    #西西里近處火山島
#義大利 #北歐神話黑巨人
#日記13:21 跟我媽講諸神黃昏是火山爆發尤其冰島10年前造成空中大亂、兩尊的相似性
※ 編輯: Ctea 時間: 2025-04-24 01:27:03 (台灣)
※ 編輯: Ctea 時間: 2025-04-24 13:21:15 (台灣)
※ 編輯: Ctea 時間: 2025-04-24 14:02:06 (台灣)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zorya

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simargl

https://americangods.fandom.com/wiki/Zorya#Cultural_Background

這邊說翼獅子被鎖住，若放出來就世界末日

這不就很像北歐神話魔狼Fenrir？
#日記 shower
※ 編輯: Ctea 時間: 2025-04-26 02:26:41, 02:28:51(台灣)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manasa

 https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Manasa&oldid=1282261107

 https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/F...eland_Museum_of_Art.tif?page=1

 Kalighat painting of goddess Manasā standing on a snake with a few wrapped in her hand, Cleveland Museum of Art

via https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shesha

 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:World-bearing_animals
 World-bearing animals
#難陀龍王 #妹妹 #Vishnu #撐住世界的大蛇
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minoan_snake_goddess_figurines 
Minoan snake goddess figurines

 https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Θεά_των_Όφεων_6393_(cropped).JPG

#蛇之女神

［更新］

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gutasaga

 https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Gutasaga&oldid=1276643071

 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Snake-witch.JPG
#基督教化前北歐 * Updated by 4/27 20:55
※ 編輯: Ctea 時間: 2025-04-26 04:31:58 (台灣)
※ 編輯: Ctea 時間: 2025-04-26 11:55:05 (台灣)
※ 編輯: Ctea 時間: 2025-04-26 14:55:44 (台灣)
※ 編輯: Ctea 時間: 2025-04-26 19:31:53 (台灣)
※ 編輯: Ctea 時間: 2025-04-26 20:28:25 (台灣)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zalmoxis

 https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Zalmoxis&oldid=1287086156

Zalmoxis (Ancient Greek: Ζάλμοξις) also known as Salmoxis (Σάλμοξις), Zalmoxes (Ζάλμοξες), Zamolxis (Ζάμολξις), Samolxis (Σάμολξις), Zamolxes (Ζάμολξες), or Zamolxe (Ζάμολξε) is a divinity of the Getae and Dacians (a people of the lower Danube), mentioned by Herodotus in his Histories Book IV, 93–96, written before 425 BC.

Herodotus asserts that Zalmoxis was originally a human being, a slave who converted the Thracians to his beliefs.

Scholars have several different theories about this account by Herodotus the disappearance and return of Zalmoxis:

* Herodotus is mocking the barbarian beliefs of the Getae.

* Zalmoxis created a ritual of passage. This theory is mainly supported by Mircea Eliade, who wrote the first coherent interpretation of the myth about Zalmoxis.

* Zalmoxis is related to Pythagoras, stating that he founded a mystical cult. This theory may be found in Eliade's work.

* Zalmoxis is a Christ-like figure who dies and is resurrected. This position was defended by Jean (Ioan) Coman, a professor of patristics and Orthodox priest, who was a friend of Mircea Eliade and published in Eliade's journal Zalmoxis, which appeared in the 1930s.
羅馬尼亞 英雄神？ 原本是人類 嘲諷之下創造出的神明？ 羅馬尼亞  
※ 編輯: Ctea 時間: 2025-04-26 21:16:32 (台灣)

https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Fortuna&oldid=1287501087#Ancient_cult
Fortuna Muliebris The luck of a person.

Evidence of Fortuna worship has been found as far north as Castlecary, Scotland and an altar and statue can now be viewed at the Hunterian Museum in Glasgow.

#羅馬幸運女神 #蘇格來 #祭壇

※ 編輯: Ctea 時間: 2025-04-27 01:27:11, 01:32:44 (台灣)
※ 編輯: Ctea 時間: 2025-04-27 01:33:02 (台灣)

> https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wetland_deposits_in_Scandinavia
> via https://disp.cc/b/261-9lX9

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Horned_God
Horned God
#Neo Pagan新時代異教徒
https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Horned_God&oldid=1279595740

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Gundestrup_Cernunnos.jpg
The "Cernunnos" type antlered figure on the Gundestrup Cauldron

 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cernunnos
#克爾特神明
 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gundestrup_cauldron

對照：https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pashupati_seal

 https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Shiva_Pashupati.jpg
#有角神明 #Prototype Shiva #三面神明 #水牛阿修羅
※ 編輯: Ctea 時間: 2025-04-27 19:13:44 (台灣)

↑

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Horned_deity
Horned deity
#日記 彤彤問我在看什麼 
※ 編輯: Ctea 時間: 2025-04-27 19:21:45 (台灣)
※ 編輯: Ctea 時間: 2025-04-27 20:56:50 (台灣)

https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Pashupati_seal&oldid=1272790091

The first description and analysis of the seal's iconography was that of the archaeologist John Marshall who had served as the Director-General of the Archaeological Survey of India and led the excavations of the Indus Valley sites. In addition to the general features of the seal described above, he also saw the central figure as a male deity as three-faced, with a possible fourth face towards the back and, as ithyphallic, while conceding that what appeared to be the exposed phallus could instead be a tassel hanging from the waistband. Most significantly he identified the seal as an early prototype of the Hindu god Shiva (or, his Vedic predecessor, Rudra), who also was known by the title Pashupati ('lord or father of all the animals') in historic times

 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pashupati

 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Master_of_Animals

 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Potnia_Theron
 Potnia Theron

 (Redirected from Mistress of the Animals)

#動物神

※ 編輯: Ctea 時間: 2025-04-27 21:03:36, 21:04:06 (台灣)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tandragee_Idol

The Tandragee Idol is the name given to a carved sandstone figure dated to the Iron Age, with some sources suggesting a date as early as 1,000 BC. The sculpture was found in the 19th century in County Armagh, Northern Ireland. It is 60 cm (24 in) in height, and shows of the torso and head of a grotesque and brutish figure who crosses his body with his left arm to hold his right arm in what appears to be a ritualistic pose. The idol has a vulgar and gaping mouth, pierced nostrils and the stubs of what maybe the ends of a horned helmet.

from https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Horned_deity&oldid=1285361465

& https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuada_Airgetlám 

= 分隔線 =

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Four_Treasures_of_the_Tuatha_Dé_Danann
Four Treasures of the Tuatha Dé Danann

via https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Claíomh_Solais
Claíomh Solais
#光之劍 #クラウソラス #愛爾蘭神話
※ 編輯: Ctea 時間: 2025-05-02 02:02:44 (台灣)

https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Indra&oldid=1288163174#Etymology_and_nomenclature

Colonial era scholarship proposed that Indra shares etymological roots with Avestan Andra, Old High German *antra ("giant"), or Old Church Slavonic jedru ("strong"), but Max Muller critiqued these proposals as untenable.[

Later scholarship has linked Vedic Indra to Aynar (the Great One) of Circassian, Abaza and Ubykh mythology, and Innara of Hittite mythology.

Colarusso suggests a Pontic origin and that both the phonology and the context of Indra in Indian religions is best explained from Indo-Aryan roots and a Circassian etymology (i.e. *inra).

Modern scholarship suggests the name originated at the Bactria–Margiana Archaeological Complex where the Aryans lived before settling in India.

※ 編輯: Ctea 時間: 2025-05-04 00:55:31 (台灣)
※ 編輯: Ctea 時間: 2025-05-06 15:20:31 (台灣)